Bottom-up vs Top-down Model: The Perception of Reading Strategies among Thai University Students
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
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Listening is regarded as an interactive process involving decoding of information. This study was launched to find out the impact of bottom-up (BU) and top-down (TD) techniques on Iranian lower and upper intermediate learners’ listening comprehension. We selected a total of 120 participants in six intact classes, three lower intermediate and three upper intermediate. The proficiency level of th...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Language Teaching and Research
سال: 2019
ISSN: 1798-4769
DOI: 10.17507/jltr.1003.07