The efficiency and eco-efficiency of manufacturing
نویسنده
چکیده
In this paper, we review the efficiency of both manufacturing processes and systems over recent decades and compare nano-materials technologies in this context. To a first approximation, nano-materials processes appear to be about as efficient as semi-conductor processes. That is, their second law efficiencies are of the order 10, while conventional processes are of order 10. However, many of these processes are early in their development and some opportunities do exist for improvement. At the same time, many aspects of these processes (the need for high purity materials, low yields, and operating conditions far from equilibrium) may make these materials vulnerable to high energy prices.
منابع مشابه
Technical Efficiency and Eco-Efficiency in the Manufacturing Industry: A Non-Parametric Frontier Approach
Poor environmental performance of the manufacturing activities is said to be attributed to the pollutants produced and emitted during the manufacturing process. These pollutants are regarded as undesirable output and cannot be ignored when measuring the efficiency of manufacturing activities. By applying Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Directional Distance Function (DDF) approaches, this st...
متن کاملScale directional distance function and its application to the measurement of eco-efficiency in the manufacturing sector
Directional distance function (DDF) is a recognized technique for measuring efficiency while incorporating undesirable outputs. This approach allows for desirable outputs to be expanded while undesirable outputs are contracted simultaneously. A drawback of the DDF approach is that the direction vector to the production boundary is fixed arbitrarily, which may not provide the best efficiency mea...
متن کاملEco-Efficiency Evaluation in Two-Stage Network Structure: Case Study: Cement Companies
The cement industry, as a primary trade, plays an important role in the development of a country's organization. This industry in Iran, however, despite of profuse benefits such as high-value mines, faces many challenges. Problems such as exploitation of the production require the need for doing research into this area. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the Eco-efficiency in Iran's 2...
متن کاملEfficiency Performance of Manufacturing Companies in Kenya: Evaluation and Policies
The objective of this paper is to determine the efficiency of manufacturing companies in Kenya over the period of 2009 to 2011 as well as suggesting appropriate policies to be employed by the manufacturing companies in Kenya based on the findings of the study. Three critical inputs variables (raw materials, staff expenses and plant and machinery) and two output variables (net sale and earnings ...
متن کاملDevelopment of Eco-Efficiency Index by Emergy Analysis
The world is now facing difficulties such as climate change, energy consumption and economic crisis and the green growth is commonly used as a solution to overcome that difficulties. To achieve the green growth eco-efficiency is a very important key. Studies on eco-efficiency have been done by others using financial value of product which cannot show the real value of the product. In this study...
متن کاملIdentifying Critical Factors in the Eco-Efficiency of Remanufacturing Based on the Fuzzy DEMATEL Method
Remanufacturing can bring considerable economic and environmental benefits such as cost saving, conservation of energy and resources, and reduction of emissions. With the increasing awareness of sustainable manufacturing, remanufacturing gradually becomes the research priority. Most studies concentrate on the analysis of influencing factors, or the evaluation of the economic and environmental p...
متن کامل