بررسی اثرات متوکلوپرامید و ترکیب متوکلوپرامید و دگزامتازون در کاهش میزان شیوع تهوع و استفراغ بعد از عمل جراحی فیکساسیون بین دندانی

          Maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) method is performed in maxillary or    mandibular fractures , plastic surgeries and congenitally anomaly of    mandibular. Post operative nausea and vomiting due to anesthesia and    opioids is one of the most important complications. This study performed for    determination of metoclopramide and metoclopramid plus dexamethasone    effects for reduction of nausea and vomiting after maxillomandibular    fixation surgery in the patients with mandibular fractures.           In this double-blind clinical trial , 60 patients candidated to    maxillomandibular fixation surgery were randomized into two treating    groups(A: Metoclopramide alone, B: Metoclopramide + Dexamethasone )    and evaluated in nausea and vomiting rates after operation. The patients    were followed in three stages in the operation room , in recovery room , and    in the ward upto 24 hours.           In first stage , 30% of patients in group A and 6% of patients in group B    encountered post operative nausea and vomiting. During second stage ,    these rates were 17% in group A and zero for group B. Non of the patients      in both groups , encountered post operative nausea and vomiting in third    stage of following.            The findings indicate that combination of metoclopramide and    dexamethasone can decrease post operative nausea and vomiting    incidence rates effectively. Suitable tolerance of patients to drug and less    complications of dexamethasone compared risk of post operative vomiting    are more factors that account for complication therapy with    dexamethasone and other antiemetic agents. However , expand use of this    method needs more studied.