مقایسه اثرات لیدوکائین و فنتانیل در تخفیف پاسخهای قلبی – عروقی بدنبال لارنگوسکوپی و لوله گذاری نای

Cardiovascular responses include increase in blood pressure and heart    rate is a common event after laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, and it    has potentially adverse side effects especially in high risk patients. The cause    of cardiovascular responses is stimulation   of receptors in autonomic nervous    system  with  plasma  increase  in noradrenalin and other catecholamines.    Sometimes   this   response  is  in  from  of  parasympathic and vagus nerve    stimulation and  lead to bradycardia especially in children . The purpose of    this study is comparison  and  survey of  lidocaine and  fentanyl  effects on    prevention  or  attenuating  cardiovascular  responses  after  laryngoscopy    and tracheal intubation in patients who  referred to Hamadan hospitals for    elective surgery in 1998.           We studied   a  total  of  96  patients ,   ASA   class  I  and  II  received a    balanced  anesthesia  were   randomly  divided  into  three  groups. In the    induction of anesthesia and  before laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation,    group 1 received saline 5 ml , group  2 received  lidocaine 1.5  mg/kg  and    group 3 received fentanyl 2    g/kg.  Patients  and investigator was blinded    to it.Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at following times:before    induction ,  after  induction  but  before laryngoscopy and intubation , and    1,3,5 minutes after intubation.Then the mean of hemodynamic parameters    in  steps  one  and  two  compared  with  the  same  parameters   in   three    following steps.          Fentanyl     effectively     blunted   the    hemodynamic     responses   to    laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation but saline and lidocaine were found    to be ineffective in abolish or attenuating these same response.          So according to this study fentanyl is more useful adjunct for preventing    hemodynamic responses after laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation than    lidocaine.