Time-kill studies, even those performed with in vitro dynamic models, often do not provide definitive comparisons of different antimicrobial agents. Also, they do not allow determinations of equiefficient doses or predictions of area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)/MIC breakpoints that might be related to antimicrobial effects (AMEs). In the present study, a wide range of single doses ...

For a simple connected graph G with n-vertices having Laplacian eigenvalues μ1, μ2, . . . , μn−1, μn = 0, and signless Laplacian eigenvalues q1, q2, . . . , qn, the Laplacian-energy-like invariant(LEL) and the incidence energy (IE) of a graph G are respectively defined as LEL(G) = ∑n−1 i=1 √ μi and IE(G) = ∑n i=1 √ qi. In this paper, we obtain some sharp lower and upper bounds for the Laplacian...

The term Inclusive Excellence (IE) is being applied to many efforts in higher education address past exclusionary practices. IE more than a term, it vision of what could be. It deliberate set actions ensure that all students, especially those who have historically been underserved by the fragmented attempts disparities student learning outcomes. Readers are expected learn about strategies genui...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect social marketing on consumer buying interest, test celebrity endorsements price discounts interest. population were 465 students from faculty economics and business majoring in management class 2019 at Muhammadiyah University Makassar. sampling technique is classified as non probability with purposive or based certain characteristics. In autho...

Official policies for controlling access to classified information in the U.S. are quite complex and often difficult to enforce. We present an encoding of a common core of these policies in an authorization logic, and describe their rigorous enforcement in PCFS, a file system implemented for such purposes. †Author affiliation: Symantec Corporation This work was partially supported by the Air Fo...

This work is supported in part by Wright Laboratory Avionics Directorate, Air Force Material Command, USAF, under grant #F33615-94-1-1525 and ARPA order no. B550, NSF Grants MIP-9225097 and MIPS-9625558, and donations from IBM and Sun Microsystems. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The...

Contact author email: [email protected] This paper is based on research sponsored by the Air Force Research Laboratory, under agreements number FA8651‐07‐1‐0010 and number FA8651‐09‐1‐0016. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the author...

Based on my experience in teaching formal methods to practicing and aspiring software engineers, I present some of the common stumbling blocks faced when writing formal speciications. The most conspicuous problem is learning to abstract. I address all these problems indirectly by giving a list of hints to speciiers. Thus this paper should be of interest not only to teachers of formal methods bu...