OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of pre-incisional peritonsillar infiltration of two doses of ketamine on postoperative analgesia compared with peritonsillar normal saline in children undergoing tonsillectomy. STUDY DESIGN Double blind, randomized controlled trial. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care and Pain Management, Civil Hospital, Karachi...

BACKGROUND Although oral ketamine has been used in some cases to reduce pain in children, the use of this drug to reduce pain after tonsillectomy has not been studied yet. METHODS This double-blind clinical trial was conducted in 2009 in 92 children who were aged three to nine years old, met ASA I or II criteria, and were candidate for tonsillectomy. Patients were divided randomly into two gr...

Abstract Despite numerous attempts, no exomoon has firmly been confirmed to date. New missions like CHEOPS aim characterize previously detected exoplanets and potentially discover exomoons. In order optimize search strategies, we need determine those planets which are the most likely host moons. We investigate tidal evolution of hypothetical moon orbits in systems consisting a star, one planet,...

background pain control in children is still a therapeutic dilemma. preschool patients are affected from undesirable effects of postoperative pain more than adults. tonsillectomy is associated with a high incidence of postoperative pain, not only complicating the recovery, but also delaying patients discharge. objectives despite employing different surgical and anesthetic strategies in post-ton...

Introduction: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgical operations and has such complications as pain, hemorrhage and laryngospasm. Pain management is of vital importance in order to reduce the suffering and restlessness in children having undergone tonsillectomy. Different studies differ in their findings as to the use of ketamine for postoperative analgesia. The aim of this study was ...

We constrain the planetary atmospheric mass fraction at time of dispersal protoplanetary disk and evolution stellar rotation rate for a dozen multi-planet systems that host sub-Neptunes and/or super-Earths. employ custom-developed Python code we have dubbed Pasta (Planetary Atmospheres Stellar roTation rAtes), which runs within Bayesian framework to model exoplanets. The combines MESA evolution...

introduction: the present study aimed to assess the efficacy of use of combined cognitive interventions to prepare the child and parent, and distraction of child’s attention on reported intensity of pain, distress caused by lumbar puncture, and situation-related quality of life of children with cancer. method : this was a clinical trial using pretest-posttest method and a control group. study...

Determining the architecture of multi-planetary systems is one cornerstones understanding planet formation and evolution. Resonant are especially important as fragility their orbital configuration ensures that no significant scattering or collisional event has taken place since earliest phase when parent protoplanetary disc was still present. In this context, TOI-178 been subject particular att...