Data from 33 separate studies were combined to create an aggregate data set consisting of 16 cognitive variables and 6832 different individuals who ranged between 18 and 95 years of age. Analyses were conducted to determine where in a hierarchical structure of cognitive abilities individual differences associated with age, gender, education, and self-reported health could be localized. The resu...

BACKGROUND We analysed genetic and environmental influences on self-esteem and its stability in adolescence. METHOD Finnish twins born in 1983-1987 were assessed by questionnaire at ages 14 (n = 4132 twin individuals) and 17 years (n = 3841 twin individuals). Self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg global self-esteem scale and analyzed using quantitative genetic methods for twin data in ...

Melanoma runs within families, but this may be due to either shared genetic or shared environmental influences within those families. The concordance between pairs of non-identical twins compared to that between identical twins can be used to determine whether familial aggregation is due to genetic or environmental factors. Mandatory reporting of melanoma cases in the state of Queensland yielde...

BACKGROUND Culture plays an important role in shaping individuals' health behaviors. This qualitative research examines the relationship between African Americans' ethnic and mainstream cultures and their health behaviors (i.e., food intake and physical activity). METHODS This study used in-depth semi-structured interview format with a group of 25 African Americans to examine the influence of...

The voluntary task-switching paradigm requires subjects to select randomly between tasks and promises to provide a window into executive task selection independent of exogenous influences present in standard task-switching situations. We show here that the degree to which subjects perseverate on tasks across trials captures unique individual differences variance, but also that the switch rate i...

1 FCQeI-CIICAp-Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. 2 Instituto de Investigaciones Eléctricas, Reforma 113, Col. Palmira, C.P. 62490, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. 3 Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad s/n, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. Corrosión y Pr...

The purpose of this research is to explore the new practices derived from influences information technology among a certain group, i.e., “mega individuals”. Based on Grounded Theory and interviews 53 companies, which consist responses 56 domestic international founders, entrepreneurs, professional managers, partners business elites, study expounds that individuals”, who constantly develop indiv...

OBJECTIVE We used quantitative genetic models to assess whether sleep duration modifies genetic and environmental influences on depressive symptoms. METHOD Participants were 1,788 adult twins from 894 same-sex twin pairs (192 male and 412 female monozygotic [MZ] pairs, and 81 male and 209 female dizygotic [DZ] pairs] from the University of Washington Twin Registry. Participants self-reported ...

Although advances in neonatal care over the past century have resulted in increased rates of survival among at-risk births, including infants with low birth weight, we have much to learn about psychological outcomes in this population. In particular, despite growing evidence that low birth weight may be associated with an increased risk for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) symptoms...