In this paper, we address the issue of providing differentiated services to IP packets over an optical burst switched core network, and we introduce a new approach for assembling packets into a burst. In this technique, a composite burst is created by combining packets of different classes into the same burst. The packets are placed from the head of the burst to the tail of the burst in order o...

A commercial variety of Leucaena leucocephala K360 was used for pulp production and papermaking employing the soda-anthraquinone process. Also, the chemical and energy contents of the resultant black liquors were determined to simultaneously optimize: pulp and paper production and energy generation. A process temperature of (185°C), an operating time of (120 min) and an active alkali concentrat...

the effect of the operating conditions (temperature, time, ph, enzyme level and pulp consistency) used in the enzymatic step of a xp (cartazyme-hydrogen peroxide) sequence for bleaching kraft pulp from bagasse on various properties of the resulting pulp and paper sheet products was studied. the quality of bagasse used, was examined by its yield, brightness,viscosity and the kappa number. finall...

We report on the X-ray spectrum of the 401 Hz X-ray pulsar and type I burst source SAX J1808.4-3658 during its 1998 April/May hard outburst. The observations were made with RXTE over a period of three weeks. The spectrum is well-described by a power law with photon index 1.86 ± 0.01 that is exponentially cut off at high energies. Excess soft emission above the power law is present as well as a ...

The effect of -6 degrees head-down-tilt bed rest (HDBR) for 14 days on supine sympathetic discharge and cardiovascular hemodynamics at rest was assessed. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate (n = 25), muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA; n = 16) burst frequency, and forearm blood flow (n = 14) were measured, and forearm vascular resistance (FVR) was calculated. Stroke distance, our index of s...

PURPOSE Surgical treatment in the case of thoracolumbar burst fractures is very controversial. Posterior instrumentation is most frequently used, however, but the number of levels to be instrumented still remains a matter of debate. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 94 patients who had a single burst fracture between T11 and L2 were selected and were managed using posterior instrumentation wit...

We report the earliest detection of an extremely bright optical afterglow of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) 030329 using a 30cm-telescope at Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo, JAPAN). Our observation started 67 minutes after the burst, and continued for succeeding two nights until the afterglow faded below the sensitivity limit of the telescope (approximately 18 mag). Combining our data with thos...

We present an analysis of early BAT and XRT data for 107 gamma–ray bursts (GRBs) observed by the Swift satellite. We use these data to examine the behaviour of the X-ray light curve and propose a classification scheme for GRBs based on this behaviour. As found for previous smaller samples, the earliest X-ray light curve can be well described by an exponential which relaxes into a power law, oft...

The near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy presents itself as an interesting non-destructive test tool as it enables a fast, simple and reliable way for characterizing large samplings of biological materials in a short period of time. This work aimed to establish multivariate models to estimate the crystallinity indices and tensile and burst strength of cellulosic and nanocellulosic films through NIR...