phatic communion is a cultural concept which differs across cultures. according to hofstede (2001), the u.s. tends to have individualistic culture; however, asian countries tend to have collectivistic cultures. these cultures view phatic communion differently. in individualistic cultures like u.s., phatic communion reflects speakers’ socio-cultural relationships in conversations. to see whether...

hedging is a multi-purpose rhetorical strategy which is usually used in scientific arguments to secure ratification of claims, reduce the risk of negation, avoid conflict, manage disagreement and leave room for the audience to assess presented information. hedges are frequently used in research articles to mitigate the findings of research endeavors. the present research aims to investigate the...

this thesis attempts to study the representations of the third-world intellectuals in three fictional works by the british-educated trinidadian nobel-winner v. s. naipaul: the mimic men, a bend in the river, and magic seeds. the first one recounts the story of ralph singh’s sense of alienation, his experiences as a colonial politician, and his struggle to give order to his disorderly world thro...

this research was conducted to examine the effect of a concurrent training on rest level of leptin of plasma and some hormonal factors in non-athlete subjects. the research population included non-athlete men who didn’t participate in any organized sport activities. 30 men were chosen voluntarily among the above-mentioned population and were divided into 2 groups: experimental (15 subjects) an...

type text or a website address or translate a document. abstract liquidity is considered the most important aspect of the development of stock markets. the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the quality of financial information provided to replace its financial statements nmvdh and shrkt hayy that the liquidity of the shares on the tehran stock exchange is between the ...

چکیده پژوهشکده امام خمینی(س) و انقلاب اسلامی مقطع تحصیلی:کارشناسی ارشدچکیده پژوهشکده امام خمینی(س) و انقلاب اسلامی مقطع تحصیلی:کارشناسی ارشد رشته تحصیلی:اندیشه سیاسی در اسلام عنوان پایان نامه:تبیین نظریه حکومت اسلامی امام خمینی بر مبنای الگوی فهم نظریات سیاسی اسپریگنز نام و نام خانوادگی دانشجو:علی مرادی استاد راهنما:دکتر یحیی فوزی استاد مشاور:دکتر منصور انصاری تاریخ شروع پایان نام...

In Islamic revolution of Iran effective role of Imam Khomeini’s leadership caused many thinkers to interpret this revolution based on Max Weber’s theory of charismatic authority. However, due to serious and fundamental distinction between western politics and Imam Khomeini’s movement in bases and concepts, the author believes the distinctions and contradictions have led to deviation and underes...

in his last years of life americans had almost forgotton steinbeck, and those who had not, occasionally criticized him for supporting and praising the u. s. military intervention in the vietnam war. althought ateinbeck incorporates different themes into his works, each one bears many signs of his concern and sympathy for america and the american common people in particular. steinbecks to a god ...

1.0 overview it seems that grammar plays a crucial role in the area of second and foreign language learning and widely has been acknowledged in grammar research. in other words, teaching grammar is an issue which has attracted much attention to itself, and a lot of teachers argue about the existence of grammar in language teaching and learning. this issue will remind us a famous sentence f...

a novel and ultra low cost isfet electrode and measurement system was designed for isfet application and detection of hydronium, hydrazinium and potassium ions. also, a measuring setup containing appropriate circuits, suitable analyzer (advantech board), de noise reduction elements, cooling system and pc was used for controlling the isfet electrode and various characteristic measurements. the t...