Fuzzy rule-based edge detection using multiscale edge images is proposed. In this method, the edge image is obtained by fuzzy approximate reasoning from multiscale edge images which are obtained by derivative operators with various window sizes. The effect of utilizing multiscale edge images for edge detection is already known, but how to design the rules for deciding edges from multiscale edge...

We combine two different fields, topological physics and graded metamaterials, to design a metasurface control redirect elastic waves. strategically two-dimensional crystalline perforated plate, using square lattice, that hosts symmetry-induced edge states. By concurrently allowing the substrate spatially vary in depth, we are able convert incident slow wave into series of robust modes, with di...

The vertex-edge Wiener index of a simple connected graph G is defined as the sum of distances between vertices and edges of G. Two possible distances D_1(u,e|G) and D_2(u,e|G) between a vertex u and an edge e of G were considered in the literature and according to them, the corresponding vertex-edge Wiener indices W_{ve_1}(G) and W_{ve_2}(G) were introduced. In this paper, we present exact form...

We employed both theoretical and computational models supported by experiments to study the multistable behavior of an edge-effect driven Si/Cr micro-claw. Our study showed that individual micro-claws demonstrate either monostability or bistability as the magnitude of the edge effect is varied.

‎For a coloring $c$ of a graph $G$‎, ‎the edge-difference coloring sum and edge-sum coloring sum with respect to the coloring $c$ are respectively‎ ‎$sum_c D(G)=sum |c(a)-c(b)|$ and $sum_s S(G)=sum (c(a)+c(b))$‎, ‎where the summations are taken over all edges $abin E(G)$‎. ‎The edge-difference chromatic sum‎, ‎denoted by $sum D(G)$‎, ‎and the edge-sum chromatic sum‎, ‎denoted by $sum S(G)$‎, ‎a...

We report on the doping evolution of magnetic susceptibility χ(T) and Hall coefficient RH in high-quality Ba1−xKxFe2As2 (0.13≤x≤1) single crystals. It is found that the normal-state magnetic susceptibility of Ba1−xKxFe2As2 compounds undergoes a crossover from linear-T dependence in the undoped and underdoped samples into KFe2As2-type magnetic response in the overdoped samples with increasing K ...

The quantized Hall conductance in a plateau is related to the index of a Fredholm operator. In this paper we describe the generic “phase diagram” of Fredholm indices associated with bounded and Toeplitz operators. We discuss the possible relevance of our results to the phase diagram of disordered integer quantum Hall systems. The Hall conductance of Integer Quantum Hall systems is described mat...

The edges of an image define the image boundary. When the image is noisy, it does not become easy to identify the edges. Therefore, a method requests to be developed that can identify edges clearly in a noisy image. Many methods have been proposed earlier using filters, transforms and wavelets with Ant colony optimization (ACO) that detect edges. We here used ACO for edge detection of noisy ima...

Let G=(V(G),E(G)) be a connected simple undirected graph with non empty vertex set V(G) and edge set E(G). For a positive integer k, by an edge irregular total k-labeling we mean a function f : V(G)UE(G) --> {1,2,...,k} such that for each two edges ab and cd, it follows that f(a)+f(ab)+f(b) is different from f(c)+f(cd)+f(d), i.e. every two edges have distinct weights. The minimum k for which G ...