Historically, the predominant health problem worldwide for ruminant animals has been the presence of internal parasites (Armour, 1980; Borgsteede and Burg, 1982). The continued use of anthelmintics, or dewormers, remains controversial among researchers because there is wide variation among results when these products are used on cattle with moderate to low levels of parasite infestation (Ward e...

Bacillus thuringiensis crystal (Cry) proteins are the most widely used biological insecticides in the world. Their value in safely controlling insects that destroy crops and transmit human diseases is well established.Here, we reviewB. thuringiensisCry proteins as novel anthelmintics with a unique mode of action. In laboratory studies, Cry proteins are highly effective against a broad range of ...

OBJECTIVE To determine prevalence of anthelmintic resistance on sheep and goat farms in the southeastern United States. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS Sheep and goats from 46 farms in 8 southern states, Puerto Rico, and St Croix in the US Virgin Islands. PROCEDURES Parasite eggs were isolated from fecal samples, and susceptibility to benzimidazole, imidathiazole, and avermectin-mil...

The Teladorsagia circumcincta P-glycoprotein-9 (Tci-pgp-9) gene has previously been implicated in multiple-anthelmintic resistance in this parasite. Here we further characterise genetic diversity in Tci-pgp-9 and its possible role in ivermectin (IVM) and multi-drug resistance using two UK field isolates of T. circumcincta, one susceptible to anthelmintics (MTci2) and the other resistant to most...

Infections of the gastrointestinal tract with parasitic nematodes remain one of the main limiting factors in grazing dairy goats. The usual mode of control of these parasitic diseases has up to now been based on the repeated use of anthelmintics. However, the prevalence rates of anthelmintic resistances, in particular to benzimidazoles, are now particularly high in the French dairy goat product...

'o/? the Helminth ological Inquiry, School of ' opicnl Medicine, Calcutta. Under the Indian Research Fund Association) Case reports are fairly common in the literature (especially in India) of ascans in ection accompanied by choleraic symptoms mc 1 have cleared up after passage of the worms, either with or without specific anthelmintic treatment. The evidence in these reports that the worms wer...

The apparent lack of anthelmintic resistant nematodes in cattle is due to the management systems used with most cattle and the lack of surveys for resistance. With extensive beef grazing or with beef suckler herds a large percentage of worms are in refugia (not exposed to anthelmintic) and few anthelmintic treatments are used. With dairy replacement heifers resistance can become a problem unles...

Tetramisole, a new synthetic anthelmintic, was compared with piperazine in the treatment of ascariasis in African children. Of 100 children receiving tetramisole 94 were cured, and of 100 given piperazine 85 were cured (0.05>P>0.02). Tetramisole was free of side-effects.

Background Cattle are economically the most important livestock for farmers in Sweden. However, both dairy and beef production has been subjected to considerable structural change over recent decades. Currently, there are approximately 1.5 million cattle, including ≈370 000 dairy cows producing milk worth 1 m€ [1]. The trend is that the numbers of dairy cows are decreasing slowly, while beef co...

In recent years marked progress has been made in the efficacy of new anthelmintics. Many thousands of these compounds are synthesized by the pharmaceutical industries and the primary and secondary laboratory animal screens, through which they pass initially, have been carefully described and reviewed in the literature(Standen, 1963; Baker, 1963). After undergoing these tests promising compounds...