Introduction: The trend of varicose vein disease seems to be rising globally and its treatment options outcome vary from the institution by institution. Management has also changed high ligation, stripping, avulsion, sclerotherapy minimally invasive endovenous thermal ablation. Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out find methods lower limb at cardiothoracic vascular surger...

The intratemporal portion of the facial nerve has a single bundle, while the extratemporal portion has multiple funiculi. In the guinea pig, the funiculi repeatedly divide and fuse between the stylomastoid foramen and the origin of the inferior labial branch. It remains unknown whether the nerve fibers in each funiculus are topographically organized or not. In this paper, the topographic organi...

Revascularization with a vein graft is a mandatory method for treatment of dissecting or pseudoaneurysms of the internal carotid artery. We report the necessity for an air vent from the vein graft and explain its use in our two cases. In Case 1, we searched for a great saphenous vein around its junction with a femoral vein during the harvest of vein graft. An accessory branch of that great saph...

OBJECTIVES Emerging data suggest that several metabolic factors, released mainly by white adipose tissue (WAT) and joint tissues, and collectively named adipokines, might have a role in the pathophysiology of OA. Recently, novel adipokines such as SERPINE2, WISP2, GPNMB and ITIH5 have been identified in WAT. The main goal of this study was to analyse the expression of these novel adipokines in ...

We performed experiments to determine whether or not acetylcholine exerts a prejunctional inhibitory effect on adrenergic neurotransmission in the human blood vessel wall. Rings of human greater saphenous veins were prepared 2 to 15 hours after death and mounted for isometric tension recording in organ chambers filled with Krebs-Ringer solution. Acetylcholine depressed contractile responses to ...

Mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric muscles are supplied by a branch from the inferior alveolar nerve called the mylohyoid branch. Here we present an unusual finding in a 60-year-old male cadaver in which the mylohyoid muscle is supplied by a branch from hypoglossal nerve in addition to its usual nerve supply. Hypoglossal nerve after giving superior root of the ansa cervicalis and mus...