To analyze the task of mental arithmetic with external representations in different number systems we model algorithms for addition and multiplication with Arabic and Roman numerals. This demonstrates that Roman numerals are not only informationally equivalent to Arabic ones but also computationally similar—a claim that is widely disputed. An analysis of our models’ elementary processing steps ...

Schottky diodes are fabricated on n-Aluminium Gallium Arsenide / Gallium Arsenide (n-AlGaAs/GaAs) high-electron-mobility-transistor (HEMT) structure due to availability of high electron mobility and capability of fast switching performance. The processing steps used in the fabrication are the conventional steps used in standard GaAs processing. The ohmic and Schottky contacts of Schottky diodes...

An overview on femtosecond laser pulse shaping techniques applied to control of the initial photo-physical steps involved in materials processing is presented. First, pulse shaping methodology in frequency domain is introduced and examples of shaped pulses relevant to laser microfabrication are discussed. Then, the use of tailored femtosecond pulses to control the initial steps of laser process...

In this paper, we present and evaluate an approach to incremental dialogue act (DA) segmentation and classification. Our approach utilizes prosodic, lexico-syntactic and contextual features, and achieves an encouraging level of performance in offline corpus-based evaluation as well as in simulated human-agent dialogues. Our approach uses a pipeline of sequential processing steps, and we investi...

In plant mitochondria, as in most other genetic systems, several enzymatic processing and modification steps are required to yield mature tRNAs from primary transcripts. Three of the enzymes involved, RNase P, 3'-processing activity, and tRNA nucleotidyl transferase, were identified in potato (Solanum tuberosum) mitochondria and have been separated by several purification steps. RNase P was par...

We dealt with the challenge of cognitive brain state prediction as proposed by the Pittsburgh Brain Activity Interpretation Competition (PBAIC) 2007. The problem was decomposed in many subsequent steps: pre-processing, feature selection, learning model selection, model training, and post-processing. We investigated the steps combining unsupervised and supervised learning techniques and assessed...

We discuss an investigation into parallelizing the computation of a singular value decomposition (SVD). We break the process into three steps: bidiagonalization, computation of the singular values, and computation of the singular vectors. We discuss the algorithms, parallelism, implementation, and performance of each of these three steps. The original goal was to accomplish all three tasks usin...

This chapter presents some of the basic language engineering preprocessing steps (tokenization, part-of-speech tagging, lemmatization, and sentence and word alignment). Tagging is among the most important processing steps and its accuracy significantly influences any further processing. Therefore, tagset design, validation and correction of training data and the various techniques for improving...

brain-computer interfaces (bci) record brain signals, analyze and translate them into control commands which are relayed to output devices that carry out desired actions. these systems do not use normal neuromuscular output pathways. actually, the principal goal of bci systems is to provide better life style for physically-challenged people which are suffered from cerebral palsy, amyotrophic la...

drying is one of the most important steps in raisin processing. during this step, initial moisture content decreases up to 15-17% (db) for suitable storage. achieving optimum drying conditions can affect the processing time and improve raisin quality. temperature, air velocity and pretreatment are important factors in the quality of the grape drying process. in this research, the effect of temp...