objective: the present study compares the efficacy of two most commonly used biofeedback relaxation techniques in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. method: 45 individuals with generalized anxiety disorder were randomly assigned to three groups (n=15): group i received electromyographic biofeedback relaxation training, group ii received alpha-electroencephalographic biofeedback rela...

The empirical rules for estimating molar rotations of carbohydrate structures proposed by Whiffen and elaborated by Brewster provided interpretations of solvent effects on optical rotation with changes in conformational equilibria which in certain cases were confirmed by n.m.r. Conversely, it was found that only slight changes in rotation occur on changing the solvent for conformationally rigid...

objective: because of functional impairment caused by generalized anxiety disorder and due to cognitive side ‎effects of many anti-anxiety agents, in this study we aimed to evaluate the influence of passion ‎flower standardized extract on reaction time in patients with generalized anxiety disorder.‎ method: thirty patients aged 18 to 50 years of age, who were diagnosed with generalized anxiety ...

Benzyl beta-D-galactofuranoside was efficiently obtained from 1,2,3,5,6-penta-O-benzoyl-alpha,beta-D-galactofuranose, via benzyl 2,3,5,6-tetra-O-benzoyl-beta-D-galactofuranoside. Conditions for the O-debenzylation were investigated in order to evaluate the synthetic application of the benzyl group as an anomeric protector of a galactofuranose moiety in synthetic strategies involving galactofura...

A new anomeric linker has been developed that facilitates the purification of glycans prepared by chemoenzymatic approaches and can readily give compounds that are appropriately modified for microarray development or glycan derivatives with a free reducing end that are needed as standards for the development of analytical protocols.

High molecular weight sugar poly(orthoesters) were synthesized through reverse anomeric effect (RAE). We demonstrated that when RAE-enabled promoters, such as 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP), triphenylphosphine (TPP) or imidazole, were employed, efficient polymerizations were achieved, giving sugar poly(orthoesters) with molecular weights up to 18 kDa.

Resonances in the carbon-13 natural abundance, proton-decoupled, 90.5 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of globotriaosylceramide were assigned to specific carbon nuclei. The chemical shifts were rationalized in terms of the number of sugar residues, the sugar ring structures, the positions and anomeric configurations of the intersugar linkages, and the approximate degree of unsaturation o...

[formula: see text] Conversion of the inexpensive L-arabinose 1 into the ethylthio ortho ester 7 followed by generation of the dialkoxyalkyl radical III produces the desired 2-deoxy-L-ribose triester 4 in excellent overall yield. It has been shown that the similar dialkoxyalkyl radical IV is not an intermediate in the 1,2-acyloxy shift of anomeric radical I.

Glycosyl thiols may be accessed from the corresponding reducing sugars in water without recourse to any sugar projecting groups by way of a DMC mediated reaction with thioacetic acid in the presence of base, and hydrolysis of the anomeric thioacetate. Glycosyl thiols produced by this method may be used to access glycoconjugates, such as glycopeptides by use of the thiol-ene click reaction.