Abstract The effect of incidental learning on acquiring the pronunciation phoneme /p/ by Arabic-speaking English as foreign language learners was focus this study. This chosen because it does not exist in phonemic inventory Arabic. Eighth graders studying at Al-Ethra’a Secondary School Alkarak were tested words containing context (pre-test). For three weeks, they taught primary stress target th...

This study aimed to compare the effect of listening strategies, namely, metacognitive, cognitive and social/affective strategies, on impulsive and reflective visually impaired EFL learners’ (VILs) listening comprehension. The participants of the study were 58 male and female VILs at pre-intermediate level within the age range of 12-18 in the west of Iran, Khorram Abad. These participants were s...

1 We report experience in applying techniques for natural language processing to algorithmically generating test items for both reading and listening cloze items. We propose a word sense disambiguationbased method for locating sentences in which designated words carry specific senses, and apply a collocation-based method for selecting distractors that are necessary for multiple-choice cloze ite...

abstract although flourishing research has been devoted to research on article abstracts, more studies are needed to unpack the relationship between rhetorical moves and their associated linguistic and rhetorical features (e.g., metadiscourse). to underpin this relationship, the current study analyzed a total of 60 research article abstracts written in english by two cultural groups in three di...

maruf al rosafi is one of the four great iraqi poets. the other three are al zahavi, al kazemi and al shabibi. he was born in baghdad, iraq in 1875. he had learned reading- writing and memorizing quran in traditional iraqi schools and then entered the army college. he could not deal with the courses so had started self studies and went to religious schools. his instructor, alus had motivated hi...

a historical novel is a form of story-like narrative which is a combination of story and history. accordingly, we cannot easily comment whether, within this framework, it is the history that isbeing focused on by the author—as all the story’s elements are employed in the service of the historian—or history simplyplays an incidental role at the back stage of the story. the best exampleof the mix...

introduction: recent evidence has indicated that statins can reduce the incidence of both supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias with various mechanisms. the primary goal of the present study was to determine direct protective role of simvastatin in modifying concealed conduction and the zone of concealment in a simulated model of atrial fibrillation (af) in an isolated atrioventricular (...

abstract bachground and objectives: the ability of adherence to the surface of host cell is very critical in the colonization of microbial pathogens. it has been revealed that e. coli strains that infect urinary tracts have different fimbrea such as i, s, fic, dr, and fimbrial adhesions. material and methods: in this study, 363 urine samples were obtained from patients with urinary tract infect...