Diminished adult neurogenesis is considered a potential mechanism in the pathogenesis of HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD). In HAD, HIV-1-infected and immune-activated brain mononuclear phagocytes (MP; perivascular macrophages and microglia) drive central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and may alter normal neurogenesis. We previously demonstrated HIV-1-infected and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) act...

Macrophages are natural host cells for pathogenic mycobacteria, like Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). Immune surveillance by T cells and interaction with M.tb infected macrophages is crucial for protection against M.tb reactivation and development of active tuberculosis. Several factors play a role in the control of M.tb infection but reliable biomarkers remain elusive. One major obstacle is ...

BACKGROUND Micronized ferric pyrophosphate (MFPP) in extruded rice kernels mixed in a rice-based meal could be an effective strategy for improving iron status of children in India. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine the impact of MFPP supplied through extruded rice kernels in a rice-based meal on iron status of children participating in the midday meal (MDM) scheme in India. DESIGN Th...

Most human Q fever infections originate from small ruminants. By contrast, highly prevalent shedding of Coxiella (C.) burnetii by bovine milk rarely results in human disease. We hypothesized that primary bovine and human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) represent a suitable in vitro model for the identification of strain-specific virulence properties at the cellular level. Twelve different C....

Antifreeze proteins and glycoproteins [AF(G)Ps] have been well-known for more than three decades for their ability to inhibit the growth and recrystallization of ice through binding to specific ice crystal faces, and they show remarkable structural compatibility with specific ice crystal faces. Here, we show that the crystal growth faces of methyl α-D-mannopyranoside (MDM), a representative pyr...

The possibility that the masses M• of supermassive black holes (SBHs) correlate with the total gravitational mass of their host galaxy, or the mass MDM of the dark matter halo in which they presumably formed, is investigated using a sample of 16 spiral and 20 elliptical galaxies. The bulge velocity dispersion σc, typically defined within an aperture of size R < ∼ 0.5 kpc, is found to correlate ...

Granulomatous lymphadenitis is one of the pathognomonic lesions in post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)-affected pigs. This unique lesion has not been reported in direct association with viral infection in pigs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) alone is able to induce functional modulation in porcine monocytic cells in vit...

This study examines the working of mid-day meals (MDM) scheme during Covid-19. MDM aims to benefit children attending Government / Government-Aided primary schools. is implemented across India since 1995 and in Gujarat 1984, with an

Face Recognition is an emerging approach in the recent years. In this paper, the formulation of a face recognition approach using contour-based shape descriptor named Multiscale Distance Matrix (MDM) is developed using the concept of inner-distance in the distance matrix instead of the Euclidean distance. In the proposed scheme, first the similarity in the shape of the face is found by taking a...