Introduction: The basis of a cooperative company is based on the participation of members in the cooperative affairs office, and this partnership is affected by several factors, including social factors. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the social factors affecting the participatory action of members of production cooperatives in the city of Lorestan. Methods: This...

this thesis basically deals with the well-known notion of the bear-invariant of groups, which is the generalization of the schur multiplier of groups. in chapter two, section 2.1, we present an explicit formula for the bear-invariant of a direct product of cyclic groups with respect to nc, c>1. also in section 2.2, we caculate the baer-invatiant of a nilpotent product of cyclic groups wuth resp...

this thesis examines the significances and implications of inflicted physical pain in waiting for the barbarians (1980) by john maxwell coetzee (1940 - ). the researcher tries to show how body becomes a site for exercising violence. in this way, the government’s representatives turn bodies of the barbarians into blank pages through torturing in order to create the truth of the empire. in this p...

 The aim of the paper is to identify and to explain the barriers of employees’ participation in ITC’s decision-making. Discussing the subject’s concept and reviewing the literature, four elements naming individualism, safety needs, physiological needs and the subordinates’ negative attitude are hypothesized to be the main obstacles to the employees’ participation in decision-making process. A r...

  Cooperative company is an economic social organization that formed for gatherings of the people freely and voluntarily, in order to create jobs in specific fields to achieve the common goals of the members. Cooperation will banish trafficking and exploitation of persons and its main objective is entrepreneurship, collection of human and moral values ​​with economic objectives. In the fie...

this study compared the different effects of form-focused guided planning vs. meaning-focused guided planning on iranian pre-intermediate students’ task performance. the study lasted for three weeks and concentrated on eight english structures. forty five pre-intermediate iranian students were randomly assigned to three groups of guided planning focus-on-form group (gpfg), guided planning focus...

this study investigated the effects of manipulating the cognitive complexity of tasks along +/- few elements and the time limits on l2 learners writing performance. to conduct the study, 60 iranian efl learners with two levels of proficiency, low and high intermediate, were selected and assigned to three groups based on the time devoted to task completion. the participants performed both a simp...

cohesion is an indispensable linguistic feature in discourse analysis. lexicald such a differe cohesion and conjunction in particular as two crucial elements to textual cohesion and comprehension has been the focus of a wide range of studies up to now. yet the relationship between the open register and cohesive devices has not been thoroughly investigated in discourse studies. this study concen...

abstract since heubners (1985) pioneering study, there have been many studies on (mis) use/ non-use of articles by l2 learners from article-less and article languages. the present study investigated how persian l2 learners of english produce and interpret english definite descriptions and demonstrative descriptions. it was assumed that definite and demonstrative descriptions share the same cen...