Way finding or routing has been always used by common people in navigating from one place (of origin) to another (destination). And most of them are in two dimensional routing or network. In orthogonal concept, two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) routing uses planar or non-planar graph and spatial extend, where the third dimension is used to calculate the weights for the edges in the...

Modern desktop PCs are capable of taking 2D Geographic Information System (GIS) applications into the realm of interactive 3D virtual worlds. In prior work we developed and presented graphics algorithms and data management methods for interactive viewing of a 3D global terrain system for desktop and virtual reality systems. In this paper we present a key data structure and associated render-tim...

The parallel evaluation of remote sensing data from multiple sensors is complicated by different image scales and orientations. Thus a simultaneous visualization of the multi-sensor data is envisaged. For a spatial impression of the observed area the images are co-registered, projected onto a 3D terrain model and displayed stereoscopically. The presented 3D evaluation system allows the real-tim...

In this paper, by combining the geographic information systems ~GIS! spatial analysis function and a hydrologic analysis and modeling tool with a column-based three-dimensional ~3D! slope stability analysis model, a new GIS grid-based 3D deterministic model has been developed for slope stability analysis. Assuming the initial slip as the lower half of an ellipsoid, the identification of the 3D ...

3D models of the environment are used in numerous robotic applications and should reflect the current state of the world. In this paper, we address the problem of quickly finding structural changes between the current state of the world and a given 3D model using a small number of images. Our approach finds inconsistencies between pairs of images by reprojecting an image onto the other by passi...

The successful utilization of 3D city models for business processes of urban planning highlights the benefits of 3D city models. This paper presents an overview of 3D GIS analysis capabilities for 3D city models. Based on realistic case studies the range of 3D analyses is highlighted and structured into categories.

INTRODUCTION The development of semantic 3D city models has allowed for new approaches to town planning and urban management (Benner et al. 2005) such as emergency and catastrophe planning, checking building developments, and utility networks. Utility networks inside buildings are composed of pipes and cables located between ceilings and walls (examples of these systems include sewerage, electr...

With this study the Laser data acquisition and handling applied on a suggestive Italian Architectural Heritage was executed, in order to allow next complex spatial processing in 3D GIS visualization environments for the management and divulgation of information on Cultural Heritage. The site test is represented by the “Convicinio of S. Antonio” (XII-XIII centuries), that is one of the Churches ...

New developments in urban planning, especially in environmentally oriented analysis including noise, air pollution, urban climate etc., call for new demands on authorities and planners. Due to the increasing availability of informations systems and of 3D-data, planners and municipalities emphasize modeling the urban space in three dimensions. While the visualization aspect is often and detailed...

Geo-features play a key role in object-oriented or feature-based geo-processing system. So the strategy for how-tomanage and how-to-model the geo-features builds the main architecture of the entire system and also supports the efficiency and functionality of the system. Unlike the conventional 2D geo-processing system, geo-features in 3D GIS have lots to be considered to model regarding the eff...