Continuous chemical pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems in the Jiaojiang Estuary of the East Sea (China). This chemical pollution has significantly changed the estuarine environmental conditions and may have profoundly influenced the distribution of anammox bacterial communities in this estuary. Here, we investigated the influence of chemical pollution on the community c...

Moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) are increasingly used for nitrogen removal with nitritation-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) processes in wastewater treatment. Carriers provide protected surfaces where ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anammox bacteria form complex biofilms. However, the knowledge about the organization of microbial communities in MBBR biofilms is sparse. We used n...

Direct treatment of municipal wastewater (MWW) based on anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria holds promise to turn the energy balance of wastewater treatment neutral or even positive. Currently, anammox processes are successfully implemented at full scale for the treatment of high-strength wastewaters, whereas the possibility of their mainstream application still needs to be confirme...

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) as an important nitrogen loss pathway has been reported in marine oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), but the community composition and spatial distribution of anammox bacteria in the eastern tropical North Pacific (ETNP) OMZ are poorly determined. In this study, anammox bacterial communities in the OMZ off Costa Rica (CRD-OMZ) were analyzed based on both hydrazin...

Microbial communities in the biological filter and waste sludge compartments of a marine recirculating aquaculture system were examined to determine the presence and activity of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria. Community DNA was extracted from aerobic and anaerobic fixed-film biofilters and the anaerobic sludge waste collection tank and was analyzed by amplifying 16S rRNA genes ...

We performed incubation experiments with 15N-labeled nitrogen compounds to investigate the vertical distribution of pathways of N2 production through the suboxic zone of the central Black Sea and the impact of oxygen and sulfide on the anammox process. Anammox rates increased with depth through the upper suboxic zone and reached a maximum of ,11 nmol N2 L21 d21 at the sharp interface between ni...

1 To promptly establish anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) reactors, appropriate 2 seeding sludge with high abundance and activity of anammox bacteria was selected by 3 quantifying 16S rRNA gene copy numbers of anammox bacteria by real-time quantitative 4 PCR (RTQ-PCR) and batch culture experiments. The selected sludge was then inoculated into 5 up-flow fixed-bed biofilm column reactors wit...

The Bohai Sea is a large semi-enclosed shallow water basin, which receives extensive river discharges of various terrestrial and anthropogenic materials such as sediments, nutrients and contaminants. How these terrigenous inputs may influence the diversity, community structure, biogeographical distribution, abundance and ecophysiology of the sediment anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacte...

An anammox assay involving a ¹⁵N tracer and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that the potential anammox activity accounted for 1 to 5% of total N₂ production in a ravine paddy field, Japan. Among four 4-cm-deep layers, the top layer showed the highest activity. Clone libraries showed that the DNA in the top layer contained sequences related to those of Candidatus 'Brocadia fulgida'...

In up-flow anammox reactors, one of the contributing factors to biomass wash-out is the adherence of nitrogen gas produced by the anammox reaction to biomass. In this study, we operated an up-flow anammox reactor equipped with a degassing membrane to minimize the biomass wash-out from the reactor by separating the produced gas from the biomass. In addition, both the effect of degassing on the a...