In this paper, an improved preprocessor for low-bit-rate speech coding employing the perceptual weighting filter is proposed. Speech modification in the proposed approach is performed according to a criterion which makes a compromise between the modification and perceptual weighted quantization errors. For this, the perceptual weighting filter is expressed in terms of a transform domain matrix....

We present a set of problem frames specialized to the area of geographic applications. Problem frames describe the elements of common problems, and help a specifier understand and decompose a complex problem into simpler subproblems for which a solution is often known. We provide an overview of the main issues in geographic applications, and present twelve frames that address many of the proble...

The present article argues for what is essentially a return to the functionalist approach to investigation of memory. Two experiments demonstrate that the effects of level of processing depend on scaled meaningfulness of the material and study time. Data from those experiments along with data currently in the literature are then reanalyzed to examine the effect of repetitions. Of particular int...

We present a novel way of accounting for similarity judgments. Our approach posits that similarity ratings stem from three main sources: familiarity, priming, and inherent perceptual similarity. We present a process model of our approach in the cognitive architecture ACT-R, and match our model’s predictions to data collected from a human subject experiment which involved simple perceptual stimu...

the current study aims to examine and identify competency dimensions, factors and indices for managers of science and technology parks of iranian public university in order to present of a conceptual model. the targeted population consisted of two parts including experts in the field and managers and experts in science and technology parks. for this purpose, exploratory method was used and data...

In this paper, first we examine the usual treatment of temporal information and we recall the main features relative to the temporality analysis in texts. Then we deal with the formal representation of calendar expressions, and we provide a functional approach, based on a categorical representation of ordinals. Finally, an ongoing application providing a help for the reading of long biography i...

For several decades, Restoration studies have noted deficiencies in the treatment of the theology of leadership and of practical ecclesiology. This paper responds to the lack of research linking ecclesiology to organizational design and to the theology of leadership in the Church of Christ tradition by building upon the ecclesiological framework composed of theological tradition, church metapho...

In this note we use a functional approach to the integral to obtain a special case of the Keisler-Fubini theorem; the general case can be obtained with a similar proof. An immediate appUcation is the standard Fubini theorem for products of Radon measures. Similar methods give the Weil formula for quotient groups of compact Abelian groups.