The electrochemical reduction of bisazo dye Direct Orange–31 has been studied at Pyrolytic graphite electrode (PGE) in the pH range 2.0–10.3. Two well-defined 4e–, 4H+ pH dependent reduction peaks (Ic & IIc ) have been observed in linear and cyclic sweep voltammetry. It has been observed that reduction of azo groups in the dye does not stop at hydrazo stage but further reduction leads to the cl...

An enteritis, based on a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, was induced in TNBS (2,4,4-trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid) sensitized rats by multiple intrajejunal challenge with TNBS via an implanted catheter. This treatment induced chronic inflammation of the distal small intestine characterized by intense hyperaemia, oedema and gut wall thickening as assessed by macroscopic scoring and weigh...

Multiple effects of ozone are a prerequisite for its use in the complex therapy inflammatory bowel diseases. Our aim was to analyze and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) oxazolone-induced colitis (OIC) upon innate immunity functions.
 OIC modeled 72 male Wistar rats weighing 24020 g by two-stage application oxazolone solution. Ozone at dose 0.05 mg/kg, as part ozone-oxygen mixture, injected in...

BACKGROUND The protective effect of the chloroform extract of Cyperus rotundus (CHCR) is attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Cytokines, important regulators of inflammation and repair, play a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Targeting these cytokines can effectively ameliorate the symptoms of IBD. The aim of the present study was to u...

Antibodies to citrullinated proteins/peptides (ACPAs) are the second serological marker to have recently been included in the 2010 ACR/EULAR Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Classification Criteria, which are focused on early diagnosis and therapy. This review discusses their history and some clinical aspects of ACPAs, focusing on the diagnostic utility of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) ...