Aluminium is the world’s second most-used metal after steel and the aluminium production industry is the largest, in volume of metal produced, in non-ferrous metal industry. In this study, results of the material flows (country and global scales) related to the production and use of aluminium and energy consumption in 1980 to 2012 were separately analysed. Also, overview of the current status o...

Aerospace industry is a value-added and technology integrated industry. Sheet metal parts are important portion of aerostructures. The sheet metal production line combines five different routing types together. This study tries to make a comparison between job shop layout and cellular layout with lean concept. According to precedence diagram of sheet metal fabrication process, the model and mea...

generating effective employment opportunities is one of the principal challenges faced by development planners in iran. if investment projects are undertaken on the basis of sectoral priorities in production and employment, the economic and social problems emanating from unemployment will be reduced, helping the country’s process of development. in this paper, an attempt is made to identify key...

Biliary self-expandable metal stents (SEMS), a group of non-vascular stents, have been used in the palliative management of biliary obstruction around the world. However, there are still unmet needs in the clinical application of biliary SEMS. Comprehensive understanding of the SEMS is required to resolve the drawbacks and difficulties of metal stent development. The basic structure of SEMS, in...

The utilization of organisms, primarily microbes, to clean up contaminated soils, aquifers, sludges, residues, and air, known as “bioremediation”, is a rapidly changing and expanding area of environmental biotechnology, that offers a potentially more effective and economical clean-up technique than conventional physicochemical methods. Although it is certain that up to now the technologies empl...

With the development of modern industry, sheet-metal parts in mass production have been widely applied in mechanical, communication, electronics, and light industries in recent decades; but the advances in sheet-metal part design and manufacturing remain too slow compared with the increasing importance of sheet-metal parts in modern industry. This paper proposes a method for automatically extra...

In Latin America, metallic ores are abundant and diverse. However, few metal-tolerant and metal hyperaccumulator plants have been reported in the region in comparison with other areas of the world. This may be largely explained by the scarcity of scientific studies of the native vegetation growing on natural mineralized or metal-contaminated areas and the unfrequent use of biogeochemical prospe...

This paper evaluates the impact of basic and applied research on innovation in two industries. Whereas innovation in the pharmaceutical industry is closely tied to both basic and applied research, innovation in the semiconductor industry depends mainly upon applied research. Surprisingly, many firms perform little basic research, but they produce many innovations. Within each industry, firms pu...