PURPOSE Apoptosis is implicated in the death of retinal cells during both retinal differentiation and degeneration. We sought to investigate potential diffusible retinal cell signalling factors which may be responsible for this phenomenon. METHODS 72 hr conditioned medium was collected from death-induced R28 retinal cells undergoing serum-starvation. This conditioned medium was filtered, titr...

In order to investigate the interaction of factors from leukocyteconditioned medium with leukemic cells, effects of an ammonium sulfate-precipitated conditioned medium concentrate were tested upon HL-60 cells. This preparation increased tritiated thymidine incorporation into DNA of HL-60 cells markedly, an effect which was found to be attributable in large part to greater thymidine accumulation...

Previous studies indicated that B7-H4, the youngest B7 family, negatively regulates T cell-mediated immunity and is significantly overexpressed in many human tumors. Tumor stem cells are purported to play a role in tumor renewal and resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. However, the link between B7-H4 and tumor stem cells is unclear. In this study, we investigated B7-H4 expression in the me...

The activities of a colony-stimulating factor (CSF), which stimulates granulocyte-macrophage colony formation by mouse hemopoietic cells, and macrophage growth factor (MGF), which stimulates proliferation of activated peritoneal macrophages, have been demonstrated by various criteria to reside in the same molecular species. These criteria include occurrence in various sources and copurification...

PURPOSE The response of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to ocular pressure in glaucoma likely involves signals from astrocytes and microglia. How glia-derived factors influence RGC survival at ambient and elevated pressure and whether the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a contributing factor were investigated. METHODS Primary cultures of retinal astrocytes, microglia, and RGCs wer...

Peritoneal implantation metastasis of gastric cancer cells is associated with poor prognosis. Peritoneal macrophages are the most important immune cells in the abdominal cavity to control tumor metastasis. In the present study, the immunosuppressive effects of mouse forestomach cells on macrophages were examined. Conditioned medium from mouse fore...

OBJECTIVES Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to produce adenosine, express adenosine receptors, and communicate with macrophages and other cells. However, there is no information about the role of caffeine, as a popular drink and adenosine antagonist, on the crosstalk between MSCs and immune cells. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effects of the conditioned medium of ...

The use of conditioned medium from mesenchymal stem cells may be a feasible approach for regeneration of bone defects through secretion of various components of mesenchymal stem cells such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Mesenchymal stem cells secrete and accumulate multiple factors in conditioned medium under specific physiological conditions. In this study, we investigated wheth...