background and aims: pain diagnosis is a frustrating effort especially due to the barriers in communication with patients in low level of consciousness therefore this study ,aimed at the evaluation of  utilizing bps by nurses for patients who are unable to express their pain because of their low level of consciousness, has been designed. materials and methods: this research is a semi-empirical ...

1 Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53519, USA. 2 Medical Scientist Training Program and Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53519, USA. 3 Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Pisa 56126, Italy. 4 Clinical Psychology Branch, University of Pisa, AOUP Santa Chiara, Pisa 56126, Italy. 5 D...

In this essay we argue that one way to combat the depressing creep of neoliberal university is recuperate and re-use consciousness raising (CR) in teaching, administration, research, engagement. Consciousness-raising can be roughly characterised as first, an apprehending one’s place a system, second, feeling inspired do something about system. We propose CR especially helpful think our work con...