Blast, Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc., is one of the most destructive diseases of rice worldwide and canresult in significant reductions in yield. The use of resistant cultivars is the most economical and effectiveway of controlling rice blast. A variety of DNA markers, including plant defense-related candidategene markers are available for genetic characterization and molec...

fibroblast growth factor 2 (fgf2) serves in the uterine endometrium during estrous presenting in the bovine mammary gland which is responsible to express interferon-t (ifnt), and is an important agent to encourage the continuation of pregnancy in the ruminants. significant associations have been found between genes affected by ifnt and genes that are responsible for milk production traits. seme...

Abstract High fish predation pressure can trigger “induced defense” in Daphnia species, resulting phenotypic plasticity morphology, behavior, or life-history traits. The molecular mechanisms of defense morphogenesis (e.g., the tail spine and helmet) remain unclear. In present study, spine, helmet, body galeata under non-fish kairomones conditions were collected for transcriptome analysis. A tot...

Plants have evolved a variety of ways to defend themselves against biotic attackers. This has resulted in the presence of substantial variation in defense mechanisms among plants, even within a species. Genome-wide association (GWA) mapping is a useful tool to study the genetic architecture of traits, but has so far only had limited exploitation in studies of plant defense. Here, we study the g...

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), along with many other economically valuable species, belongs to the Solanaceae family. Understanding how plants in this family defend themselves against pathogens offers the opportunity of improving yield and quality of their edible products. The use of functional genomics has contributed to this purpose through both traditional and recently developed techniques t...

(1) Corn is the most widely planted food crop, feed and economic crop in world, plays an important role agricultural production national economy development. The copine gene, also known as BONZAI encodes a Ca2+-dependent phospholipid membrane binding protein that present eukaryotes. It has been found negative regulator of disease resistance regulation key plants’ response. In this study, Agroba...

the objective of the present study was to determine polymorphism within the promoter region of somatotropin receptor genes in indigenous sistani cattle (bos indicus) and associations between this polymorphism and breeding value of birth weight. the pedigree structure was included by considering 1173 animals with 600 progeny birth weight data obtained from a zhark breeding station in sistan and ...