! ̇ N (t) = aN(t)(1" bN(t)) accounts for resource effects on population growth N(t). Historically, such models were highly simplified in order to obtain linear approximations that permitted their study. However, especially in the twentieth century the advances in mathematics and computer simulation (and visualization) have permitted to return to the study of the original complex models (and devi...

Introduction: The causal dynamics between environment, health expenditures and economic growth has recently started to be studied in the economics literature for both developing and developed countries. Methods: This study examines the causal relationship between CO2 emissions, health expenditures and economic growth using dynamic simultaneous-equations models for Iran over the period 1972-2...

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>This research develops a continuous-time optimal growth model that accounts for population dynamics resembling the historical pattern of demographic transition. The Ramsey then becomes able to generate multiple determinate or indeterminate stationary equilibria and explain process transition from state with high fertility low income per capita capita. article ...