their downstream targets in the lamprey head. In jawed vertebrates, Edn signaling patterns the pharyngeal skeleton and positions the jaw joint through the action of target genes such as Hand, Bapx, Chordin, Gdf5, Gsc, Dlx, and Barx. We find gnathostome-like expression of Edns and most Edn target genes in the lamprey head, indicating that Ednmediated pharyngeal skeleton patterning predates the e...

The current gold standard for treating postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) due to atony is intravenous (IV) oxytocin1. However, access to this specific drug and the capacity for its timely intravenous administration are lacking in settings with limited resources, especially at lower levels of the health care system. Misoprostol, a tablet that requires no additional supplies and/or specialized skills to...

The increasing number of distributed energy resources such as electric vehicles and heat pumps connected to power systems raises operational challenges to the network operator, for example, introducing grid congestion and voltage deviations in the distribution network level if their operations are not properly coordinated. Coordination and control of a large number of distributed energy resourc...

The integration of distributed energy resources (DER) into power systems presents substantial challenges to network planners. Assessing accurately the impact that installed DER will have is critical in areas such as: control of the network within statutory and operational limits; quality of supply; losses; and financial objectives. In particular, identifying the optimal placement, capacity and ...

This article presents a distributed real-time control system for the southern grid of the Cameroon power system. The southern grid, which supplies over 90 % of the power output in Cameroon, incorporates two remotely located hydro-electric generating stations, a power distribution center, several thermal plants and hundreds of kilometers of transmission lines. The proposed distributed control sy...

With an increasing deployment of plug-in electric vehicles, evaluating and mitigating the impacts of additional electrical loads created by these vehicles on power distribution grids become more important. This paper explores the use of prices of electricity at public charging stations as an instrument, in couple of road pricing, to better manage both power distribution and urban transportation...

An interactive intuitive graphical simulation package for the analysis of electric distribution systems is presented. It incorporates interactive graphical design of the electric network with a relational data base. The interaction is facilitated with the use of GUI (Graphical User Interface). Two analysis algorithms are integrated allowing the study of load flow conditions as well as the optim...

Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) represent a huge step forward in a green transportation system, contribute in reduction of greenhouse gas emission, and reduce the dependence on fossil fuel. Integration of PEVs into the electric power system will result in a considerable addition to electricity demand. Due to PEV mobility, this demand has a random distribution in space and time among distributi...