HIGHLIGHTS: Tumor progression and anxiety depression behaviors under evaluation during propranolol use in murine melanoma. Evaluation of through forced swimming behavior tests, elevated plus maze, open field marble-burying test.

Introduction: Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor, may have various effects on the central nervous system via the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway. Preclinical studies have shown the controversial effect of sildenafil on anxiety-like behavior in animals. This study was undertaken to investigate the acute effect of sildenafil on anxiety-like behavior...

The present work is to evaluate the anxiolytic activity of a hydroalcoholic extract of Tephrosia purpuria (L) Pers (HAETP) in mice using the elevated plus-maze (EPM), elevated zero-maze (EZM), Y-maze and hole-board models. Furthermore, the anxiolytic effects of HAETP were compared to a known active anxiolytic drug diazepam. The extract, administered orally, in two different doses of HAETP 200 m...

   The aim of the present study was to synthesis a series of phthalimides based on our previous works and examine their anxiolytic properties. Using a three steps process, phthalimides were prepared from the corresponding di-methyl phthalate derivatives. Phthalic anhydride was nitrated to produce 3-nitrophthalic acid. Ring closer of either 3-nitrophthalic acid or di-methyl phthalate with urea w...

Putative activity of hydroalcoholic and aqueous infusion extracts of Echium amoenum L. was investigated in mice using the rotarod model of motor coordination and the elevated plus maze model of anxiety. The extracts were administered intraperitonealy (i.p.) once, one hour before performing the tests. Preliminary phytochemical study of the plant, with standard procedures, showed that it contains...

Background and Objective: The medicinal plant Origanum vulgare. subsp. vulgare in the Lamiaceae family has been widely used by Iranian people for the treatment of respiratory, gastrointestinal and neurologic disorders. The present study was carried out to evaluate possible anxiolytic effects of aqueous extract of O. vulgare leaves and the flowering branches in rats.Materials and Methods: Anxiol...

The influence of ApoE gene deletion on the anxiety state has not been previously investigated. The elevated plus maze was used in this study to determine differences in anxiety-related behavior between apoE-deficient and wild type C57BL/6 mice. The apoE-deficient mice demonstrated less anxiety on the elevated plus maze by spending more time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze compared to...

A single 5 min exposure to the elevated plus-maze test of anxiety renders animals insensitive to the anxiolytic effects of the benzodiazepines in this test. The purpose of the present experiments was to explore whether this phenomenon resulted from a change in the functional state of benzodiazepine receptors in the dorsal raphe nucleus. The benzodiazepine receptor agonist midazolam (0.5, 1, and...

This article reviews reported results about the effects of drugs that act upon the serotonergic neurotransmission measured in three elevated mazes that are animal models of anxiety. A bibliographic search has been performed in MEDLINE using different combinations of the key words X-maze, plus-maze, T-maze, serotonin and 5-HT, present in the title and/or the abstract, with no time limit. From th...