This study examines the influence of ascorbic acid pretreatment on ethanol clearance, toxicity, and behavioral impairment after an acute dose of ethanol in humans. Ascorbic acid or a placebo was given to 20 healthy male subjects for 2 weeks before ethanol consumption. The dose of ethanol was 0.95 gm/kg body weight and was consumed during a 2 1/2-hour period. Thirty minutes after ethanol consump...

The identification of side effects of chemotherapeutic and environmental agents has assumed a central role in current day medical practice. Since 1962, the formal recognition of the functional role of host factors in drug idiosyncrasies has resulted in the delineation of the discipline of pharmacogenetics. This investigative arena deals with inborn errors of metabolism which affect drug metabol...

Background and objectives: The seedsof Sophora alopecuroides L. var. alopecuroides may benefit treatment of opioid dependence. Therefore, the plant alkaloid composition, toxicity and effects on morphine withdrawal were studied. Methods: The alkaloid composition was determined by GC and GC/MS analysis. Mice were made dependent by morphine injec...

BACKGROUND:The possible teratogenic and lethal potencies of ethanol on the developing foetal bones especially when ingested during pregnancy is now well established; but the actual mechanisms of these actions are yet elusive and this had since stimulated unending interests and numerous researches particularly in the field of teratology. Are there yet any other possible mediators / agents to be ...

Chronic alcohol consumption induces multi-organ damage, including alcoholic liver disease (ALD), pancreatitis and hypertension. Ethanol and ethanol metabolic products play a significant role in the manifestation of its toxicity. Ethanol metabolizes to acetaldehyde and produces reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) by cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase. Ethanol metabolism mediated by cyt...

OBJECTIVES Binge drinking and alcohol toxicity are often associated with myocardial dysfunction possibly due to accumulation of the ethanol metabolite acetaldehyde although the underlying mechanism is unknown. This study was designed to examine the impact of accelerated ethanol metabolism on myocardial contractility, mitochondrial function and apoptosis using a murine model of cardiac-specific ...

background & aim:cadmium is an important industrial and environmental pollutant. cadmium is one of the most toxic and carcinogenic heavy metals to organisms. this heavy metal mainly distributes to the liver and kidney in humans and animal and, causing acute hepatic injury. experimental: the ethanol extract of satureja hortensis l. (lamiaceae family), was evaluated for its activity against c...

Development of protocols for cryopreservation microalgae Chlorococcum dissectum Korshikov and Dunaliella salina Teodoresco requires selection effective cryoprotectants their concentrations. One the stages choosing optimal concentrations is determining degree toxicity cells at equilibration stage. Solutions dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, ethanol, glycerol (5–30%) modified PVS1 PVS2 (50 75%...

The active principles of brown alga, Turbinaria conoides (J.Agardh) Kuetz. (Sargassaceae) was extracted with n-hexane, cyclohexane, methanol and ethanol-water (1:1) and investigated for acute toxicity and antipyretic activity. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of steroids, flavonoids and reducing sugars. Acute toxicity study was performed in Wistar rats after administ...

This study was conducted to investigate the autophagic response of Sertoli cells (SCs) to acute ethanol toxicity using in vivo and in vitro models. Adult Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with either 5 g/kg ethanol or phosphate-buffered saline (for the control group) and sacrificed 0, 3, 6 and 24 h after injection. Compared to the control group, enhanced germ cell apoptosis was observ...