The surface finish was extensively studied in usual machining processes (turning, milling, and drilling). For these processes, the surface finish is strongly influenced by the cutting feed and the tool nose radius. However, a basic understanding of tool/surface finish interaction and residual stress generation has been lacking. This paper aims to investigate the surface finish and residual stre...

We analytically analyze radial expansion/contraction of a hollow sphere composed of a second-order elastic, isotropic, incompressible and inhomogeneous material to delineate differences and similarities between solutions of the firstand the second-order problems. The two elastic moduli are assumed to be either affine or power-law functions of the radial coordinate R in the undeformed reference ...

The connection joint of prestressed concrete pipe piles is a typical steel–concrete structure, and its bending strength has evolved into critical factor affecting the safety supporting structures in underground engineering. Based on full-scale tests five specimens large-diameter reinforced (PRC) joints, as well corresponding finite element numerical simulation, bearing deformation characteristi...

26 LLE Review, Volume 77 Deciding when to replace spot-damage-afflicted fused-silica optics or, in the case of inaccessible, space-based lasers, predicting the useful service life of fused-silica optics before catastrophic, pulsed-laser-driven crack growth shatters a part has recently become simpler. By empirically deriving a rule for laser-driven crack growth in fused silica as a function of t...

The use of bedded hoop barns in finishing systems for beef cattle has not been widely researched. In this management system, beef cattle are confined to hoop barns throughout finishing, and bedding is used to absorb animal waste, which results in minimal effluent. The objective of this study was to compare the performance and carcass characteristics of finishing beef steers (n = 1,428) managed ...

This study was designed to characterize in vivo arterial remodeling of male Wistar rat small mesenteric arteries exposed to varying levels of elevated blood flow in the presence of normal arterial pressure. Through a series of arterial ligations, respective ileal artery and second-order branch blood flows acutely increased ∼36 and ∼170% over basal levels. Their respective diameters increased 12...

Viscoelasticity can dramatically exacerbate free surface flow instabilities. It is shown here that this destabilization arises, at least in part, from the combination of large tangential tension and curvature along a concave free surface. Tension and curvature generically lead to an unstable stress gradient at the free surface; a perturbation that locally thickens a fluid layer leads to a local...