The transcription factors hypoxia inducible factors 1 and 2 (HIF-1 and HIF-2) regulate multiple responses to physiological hypoxia such as transcription of the hormone erythropoietin to enhance red blood cell proliferation, vascular endothelial growth factor to promote angiogenesis and glycolytic enzymes to increase glycolysis. Recent studies indicate that HIFs also regulate mitochondrial respi...

Anemia and hypoxia in rats result in an increase in factors potentially involved in cerebral angiogenesis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of chronic anemia and/or chronic hypoxia on cerebral cellular responses and angiogenesis in wild-type and anemic transgenic mice. These studies were done in erythropoietin-deficient mice (Epo-TAg(h)) in normoxia and following acute ...