The identification of the role of genetic variants within NOD2 (CARD15) in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis susceptibility highlight the role of the innate immune system in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis. NOD1 (CARD4) is located on chromosome 7p14.3, in a region of known linkage to IBD and encodes an intracellular bacterial pathogen-associated molecular pattern receptor tha...

'Inflammatory bowel disease' (IBD) sounds like a straightforward term - a disease of inflammation in the bowel. However, the history of IBD reveals a story of a nefariously complex set of idiopathic conditions. IBD defies definition, in part because its pathophysiology is not completely understood. For the same reason and despite substantial advances in research, IBD also defies cure. At best, ...

To characterize primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) in Japanese patients and its association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), 155 reported cases of PSC, including 6 cases of our own, were reviewed. The prevalence of IBD was less in Japanese PSC patients than in Western patients (23% versus 62-100%). Japanese PSC patients with IBD were younger (mean age, 33.1 versus 51.8 years) and were m...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a kind of chronic inflammation, which has increasing incidence and prevalence in recent years. IBD mainly divides into Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). It is hard to cure IBD completely, and novel therapies are urgently needed. Amino acids (AAs) and their metabolites are regarded as important nutrients for humans and animals and also play an ...

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) commonly affect young patients in the reproductive phase of their lives. The chronic and relapsing nature of IBD and the potential need for medical or surgical interventions raise concerns about family planning issues. AIM To review the current knowledge on IBD management in pregnant and nursing IBD patients. METHODS A PubMed literature search wa...

PURPOSE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may share genetic and environmental risk factors. We examined whether parental IBD is associated with an increased risk of ASD in offspring. METHODS We conducted a registry-based nationwide cohort study including children born alive in Denmark from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 2009, with follow-up throughout 2010....

BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) production is increased in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and measurement of NO metabolites may be useful for monitoring disease activity. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To characterise urinary nitrite levels, a stable metabolite of NO, in IBD and to evaluate its potential as a marker of disease activity. METHODS Twelve-hour urinary nitrites were measured by the micropl...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition involving the inflammation of the colon and small intestine. IBD affects as many as 1.4 million people in the U.S. alone and costs the health care industry over $1.7 billion annually. Managing IBD normally requires invasive and often discomforting diagnostic tests. In an effort to alleviate the painful and costly nature of traditional diag...

BACKGROUND Women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk for adverse birth outcomes such as preterm delivery and small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Most recognized cases of fetal growth restriction in singleton pregnancies have underlying placental causes. However, studies in IBD examining poor birth outcomes have focused on maternal factors. We examined whether women ...

BACKGROUND Potent immunosuppressive therapy is standard treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) but carries a risk of reactivating latent tuberculosis (TB). No data exist on the burden of TB in South African patients with IBD. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the burden of TB in IBD patients attending a large tertiary IBD clinic. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on data pertaining...