context inflammatory pains caused by direct stimulation of nociceptors are altered by release of inflammatory mediators, cytokines and chemokines and also gut microbiota. a substantial clinical evidence supports the pivotal role of probiotics in the betterment of inflammatory disorders symptoms such as pain. therefore, this study aimed to review the potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic rol...

background:   astrocytes are cells within the central nervous system which are activated  in a wide spectrum of infections,  and  autoimmune and  neurodegenerative diseases.in pathologic states, they produce  inflammatory cytokines, chemokines,  and  nitric oxide (no), and sometimes  they induce apoptosis.their protease-activated receptors (pars) can be activated by proteases, e.g.thrombin and ...

tooth pulpal nerves include sympathetic and sensory nerves that originate from trigeminal ganglion .from the terminal of these sensory nerves neuropeptides are secreted that are neuromodulators and neurotransmitters. one of them is cgrp (calcitonin gene-related protein) which has a vasodilatory effect on pulpal vessels. near abscess and moderate injuries, this neuropeptide can lead to neural fi...

introduction: studies have shown the regulatory role of leptin in bone formation, its expression in adipose tissue as well as increased levels in circulation following the adminstration of inflammatory stimuli such as lipopolysaccharides (lps). however, there is little data evaluating the role of leptin in inflammatory periapical lesions. the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and c...

inflammatory condition is the consequence of defensive mechanism of immune system against viral and bacterial infection, tissue injury, uv radiation, stress and etc. persistently acute inflammation leads to chronic phase which is characterized by production of pro-inflammatory mediators from t cells. these molecules (e.g. il-6, tnf-α, il-1β and il-17) are mostly pleiotropic cytokines involved i...

Background and Objective: Regarding side effects of acute and especially chronic inflammation and incomplete treatment of patients suffering from these side effects, the new and effective strategies are needed. For this purpose, in the present study, we scientifically evaluate an introduced folk herb Urtica dioica, for treatment of inflammation. Materials and Methods: The Sham, control and trea...

nigella sativa (ns) ( ranunculaceae ) used as a protective and therapeutic traditional medicine. this study evaluates the effect of ns on inflammation-induced myocardial fibrosis, serum and tissue inflammatory markers, and oxidative stress status in male rats. fifty male wistar rats were divided into five groups: (1) control; (2) lipopolysaccharide (lps), 1 mg/kg/day; (3) lps + ns (hydroalcohol...

conclusions we suggest that regular aerobic exercise can favorably alter the inflammatory profile, which is a known risk factor in breast cancer development, in postmenopausal women. patients and methods this study was a randomized controlled trial. we randomly assigned 41 postmenopausal, sedentary women aged 50 to 74 to either an exercise or a control group. the intervention involved facility-...

objective(s)the aim of this study was to evaluate plasma levels of nitric oxide (no) and certain acute phase proteins(caeruloplasmin, transferrin, haptoglobin, c-reactive protein) in nigerian subjects after short and prolonged exercises.materials and methodsa total of 57 subjects (34 males and 23 females) between ages of 19 and 45 years participated in this study and weredivided into three grou...

inflammation serves a protective function in controlling infections and promoting tissue repair, and can also cause damage to tissue and disease. many types of cells involved in this process, expressing the components of the cannabinoid signaling system that can be controlled endogenously or pharmacologically. cannabinoids inhibit neuroinflammation and the immune cells express the whole machine...