[1] We investigate the intraseasonal (30–90 day) variations in satellite-observed tropical total ozone (O3) and their connection to theMadden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Tropical total O3 intraseasonal variations are large ( ±10 DU) and comparable to those in annual and interannual time scales. These O3 anomalies are mainly evident in the subtropics over the Pacific and eastern; hemisphere and pr...

The boreal winter Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) remains very weak and irregular in the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Atmosphere Model version 2 (CAM2) as in its direct predecessor, the Community Climate Model version 3 (CCM3). The standard version of CAM2 uses the deep convective scheme of Zhang and McFarlane, as in CCM3, with the closure dependent on convective av...

This study examines various dynamical and thermodynamical processes that characterize the Madden– Julian oscillation (MJO). Episodes of deep convection related to the MJO based on rainfall data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite and the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) are identified. Although broad convective envelopes are located utilizing spectrally ...

In the Indo-Pacific region, mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) occur in a pattern consistent with the eastward propagation of the large-scale convective envelope of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). MCSs are major contributors to the total precipitation. Over the open ocean they tend to be merged or connected systems, while over the Maritime Continent area they tend to be separated or discr...

The modulation of tropical cyclone activity by the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is explored using an empirical genesis potential (GP) index. Composite anomalies of the genesis index associated with the different MJO phases are consistent with the composite anomalies in TC genesis frequency that occur in the same phases, indicating that the index captures the changes in the environment that a...

In Part I of this study it was shown that air–sea coupling had a positive impact on some aspects of the simulation of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) by a GCM. However, errors in the basic-state climate of that GCM appeared to be preventing the MJO-related convection from propagating into the west Pacific. In this paper, the actual impact of these errors will be addressed. An integration of...

There are rich variabilities in the global atmosphere and climate system on intraseasonal time scale. This review article focuses Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), which is dominant mode of tropical variability. The MJO has a tremendous impact represents major source skill for subseasonal to seasonal predictions. Our knowledge been advanced recent decades, but challenges remain understanding, si...

We investigate how the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), dominant mode of tropical subseasonal variability, modulates lifecycle cool-season North Pacific atmospheric rivers (ARs). When enhanced (suppressed) convection center is located over Indian Ocean (western Pacific), more AR events originate eastern Asia and with fewer subtropical northern Pacific. western (Indian Ocean), opposite changes o...

This study aims to investigate some characteristics of the moist processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), by making use of joint HDO (or δD) and H2O vapor measurements. The MJO is the main intraseasonal mode of the tropical climate but is hard to properly simulate in global atmospheric models. The joint use of δD-H2O diagnostics yields additional information compared to sole humidity m...

The Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) is the dominant form of the atmospheric intra-seasonal oscillation, manifested by slow eastward movement (about 5 m s−1) of tropical deep convection. This study investigates the MJO’s impact on equatorial tropospheric ozone (10 N–10 S) in satellite observations and chemical transport model (CTM) simulations. For the satellite observations, we analyze the Trop...