We analyze a recently proposed temporal centrality measure applied to an empirical network based on person-to-person contacts in an emergency department of a busy urban hospital. We show that temporal centrality identifies a distinct set of top-spreaders than centrality based on the time-aggregated binarized contact matrix, so that taken together, the accuracy of capturing top-spreaders improve...

This paper discusses the nature and consequences of uncertainty in transport systems. Drawing on work from a number of fields, it addresses travellers’ abilities to predict variable phenomena, their perception of uncertainty, their attitude to risk and the various strategies they might adopt in response to uncertainty. It is argued that despite the increased interest in the representation of un...

Different processes shaping land-use patterns are observed at different scales. In land-use modelling, scale can influence the measurement and quantitative description of land-use patterns and can therefore significantly impact the behaviour of model parameters that describe land-use change processes. We present results of a rigorous sensitivity analysis of a cellular urban land-usechange model...

High frequency ventilation is a radical departure from conventional lung ventilation, with frequencies greater than 2 Hz, and volumes per breath much smaller than the anatomical deadspace. Its use has been shown to benefit premature infants and patients with severe respiratory distress, but a vital question concerns ventilator induced damage to the lung tissue, and a clear protocol for the most...

The main goal of this paper is to show that if a finite connected CW complex admits a continuous, symmetric, and unanimous choice function for some number n41 of agents, then the choice space is contractible. On the other hand, if one removes the finiteness, we give a complete characterization of the possible spaces; in particular, noncontractible spaces are indeed possible. These results exten...

We perform an analytical sensitivity analysis for a model of a continuous-time branching process evolving on a fixed network. This allows us to determine the relative importance of the model parameters to the growth of the population on the network. We then apply our results to the early stages of an influenzalike epidemic spreading among a set of cities connected by air routes in the United St...

This paper develops a public choice model of the bargaining power of teachers' unions. The model predicts that the power of the unions rises with the number of eligible voters in a district. As a bargaining outcome reflecting this power, we use the experience premium for teachers. The premium is defined as the difference in salary between experienced and inexperienced teachers. For a sample of ...

The classical theory of rational choice is built on several important internal consistency conditions. In recent years, the reasonableness of those internal consistency conditions has been questioned and criticized, and several responses to accommodate such criticisms have been proposed in the literature. This paper develops a general framework to accommodate the issues raised by the criticisms...