The studies included interviews in which employees where asked what pleased and displeased them about their work. Herzberg found that the factors causing job satisfaction (and presumably motivation) were different from those causing job dissatisfaction. He developed the motivation-hygiene theory to explain these results. He called the satisfiers motivators and the dissatisfiers hygiene factors,...

Volunteers are a valuable set of human resources for any sporting event, and various studies have been conducted in different contexts to understand volunteers’ psychological characteristics. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of motivations on individual’s volunteer satisfaction using a modified version of Bang and Chelladurai’s (2003) Volunteer Motivations Scale for Internatio...

Brain histamine may affect a variety of different behavioral and physiological functions; however, its role in promoting wakefulness has overshadowed its other important functions. Here, we review evidence indicating that brain histamine plays a central role in motivation and emphasize its differential involvement in the appetitive and consummatory phases of motivated behaviors. We discuss the ...

The objective of the project is to examine recent progress in two major areas of research – computer science and neuroscience, and their related fields – and to understand whether progress in understanding cognition in living systems has new insights to offer those researching the construction of artificial cognitive systems.

Published by the IEEE Computer Society 0018-9162/10/$26.00 © 2010 IEEE Pay-as-you-go utility computing services by companies such as Amazon and new initiatives by Google, IBM, Microsoft, and the National Science Foundation (NSF) have begun to provide applications researchers in areas such as machine learning and scientific computing with access to large-scale cluster resources. However, system...

This symposium and the papers that compose it reflect the fact that the study of culture and achievement motivation has truly ‘‘come of age.’’ Gone are the days when a few hearty souls from Europe, Great Britain, the United States, and Australia, as well as a few others imbedded in the research traditions largely associated with ‘‘Western oriented centres of knowledge’’ stood as the primary sou...

It is suggested that addictive behaviour, so called, ®ts into a psychological resource model. In other words, the habits in question are acquired because they serve a useful function for the individual, and the nature of the functions they ful®l is related to the personality pro®le of the `addict'. For some people this resource function develops into a form of addiction, and it is suggested tha...

Motivation is one of the important factors that influences English learning achievement. So in order to help the students to maintain a proper strength in English learning motivation is very necessary for the teachers in the daily teaching procedure. This paper discusses the issue of motivation in foreign language learning in four main sections .It starts with the background information .Then i...