The objective stress rates used in most commercial finite element programs are the Jaumann rate of Kirchhoff stress, Jaumann rates of Cauchy stress, or Green–Naghdi rate. The last two were long ago shown not to be associated by work with any finite strain tensor, and the first has often been combined with tangential moduli not associated by work. The error in energy conservation was thought to ...

in the present work, a modified correlation is presented for the second virial coefficients of both polar and nonpolar fluids based on the corresponding states principle. the second virial coefficients of gaseous polar and non-polar compounds were calculated and compared with experimental data and with other correlations. comparisons with the existing correlations show that the present work is ...

In this paper, we first give a characterization of sub-topical functions with respect to their lower level sets and epigraph. Next, by using two different classes of elementary functions, we present a characterization of sub-topical functions with respect to their polar functions, and investigate the relation between polar functions and support sets of this class of functions. Finally, we obtai...

Abstract In this article we explore the change in elastic symmetry and anisotropy of two geological materials with stress-induced damage. Two independent uniaxial deformation experiments on layered natural geomaterials, a shale sandstone, support analysis. Both samples were loaded along their bedding planes at constant strain rate up to mechanical failure. During deformation, an array ultrasoni...

The problem of flexural wave diffraction by a semi-infinite crack in an infinite orthotropic thin plate is considered. Such models have application to the ultrasonic non-destructive inspection of thin components, such as aeroplane wings. For simplicity, the plate is modelled using Kirchhoff theory, and the crack is chosen to be aligned along one of the principal directions of material orthotrop...

In this paper, there was an executed investigation of the behavior orthotropic decks with system cross and side stiffeners forming structural orthotropy. order to conduct analysis stress-strain such structures, Bubnov-Galerkin variation method has been used. Comparative results, received in two ways conducted: calculation according actual values stiffness properties, relative bending stiffness....

In many real world problems, data sometimes comes from n agents (n≥2), multipolar information exists. For issues that are associated with uncertainty, this information can not be showed with the values of crisp, fuzzy, intuitionistic or bipolar. Graph is one of the mathematical models widely used in different sciences. Ambiguity in a graph where data depends on the n parameter can not be showed...

sponges are the simplest multicellular animals that lack defense mechanisms and rely on chemical defense  that have been used by mankind to develop antimicrobial drugs against diseases.  the present study was designed to demonstrate the antibacterial and antifungal activities of marine sponge dysidea pallescens semipolar and nonpolar extracts. in this study, d. pallescens were collected from he...