Most DNA sequencing technologies are based on the shotgun paradigm: many short reads obtained from random unknown locations in sequence. A fundamental question, Motahari et al. , (2013), is what read length and coverage depth (i.e., total number of reads) needed to guarantee reliable sequence r...

Abstract DNA sequencing is one of the great valuable techniques in molecular biology, which can be used to detect the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA fragment. The high-throughput se­quencing known as Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) revolutionized genomic research and molecular biology; therefore, the whole human genome can be sequenced with a low cost in several days. NGS technology is simi...

This paper considers the problem of minimizing the mean tardiness of N jobs when the jobs are scheduled on a single machine. A simple algorithmic procedure is develop to obtain an optimal or a near optimal sequence for the N jobs while considering an equal penalty cost incurred to each job delivered later than its due date. The developed algorithm is applied to the several test problems. The re...

Background and Objectives: Annexin is the common name for genes and proteins that were identified as calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins. Recently a more complex set of functions has been recognized for this superfamily of proteins including in vesicle trafficking, cell division, apoptosis, calcium signalling, mineralization, crystal nucleation inside the extracellular organelle...

Endophytic fungi constitute a remarkable multifarious group of microorganisms live within plants tissues without causing any obvious negative effect. Endophytic fungi have been found in every plant species examined to date. During an investigation on endophytic fungi, 123 fungal isolates were obtained from healthy twigs and leaves of cherry (Prunus avium) and sour cherry (P. cerasus) trees in I...

Die-back disease caused by Paecilomyces variotti is one of the most destructive diseases of pistachio in Iran. In this study, genetic diversity of Paecilomyces variotti isolates was investigated with SSR marker, using six primers pairs. Sampling was done from pistachio gardens in different geographical zones of Kerman province during summer 2013. Various fungal isolates were isolated from infec...