clostridium septicum a gram positive anaerobic bacterium produces several toxins including alpha, beta, gamma and delta. c. septicum alpha toxin is lethal and is responsible for a serious disease known as gas gangrene. the aim of the present study was to molecular cloning and sequencing of c. septicum vaccine strain alpha toxin gene. genomic dna was extracted using standard phenol and chlorofor...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms), a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder with neurodegenerative aspects, is more common among young adults, particularly women. methods: this molecular study was designed to investigate the il-7r α chain gene in iranian ms patients. we studied 60 ms patients, diagnosed based on 2005 r-mcdonald criteria and 60 apparently healthy individuals as the contro...

the aim of current study was to investigate the nucleotide sequence of seven trna genes in mitochondrial gene of khorasan’s native chicken and identification of possible mutations in it. for performing it, this part of the gene was cloned using the specific amplification initiators and cloned in the plasmid ptg19-t vector in dh5α strain of e-coli after the sampling and extracting the dna from w...

background: we examined a molecular method with a single-pcr for amplification of a part of cp5 gene enabling us to differen­tiate the pathogenic species, entamoeba histolytica , from the non-pathogenic species, e. dispar . methods: we developed a single pcr method for this purpose.  after investigation of genbank, primer pairs were de­signed from highly conserved regions of cysteine proteinase...

toxicity of which on biological wastewater processes, humans, and the environment has been proven in various studies. in this study, the half maximal effective concentration (ec 50 ) of growth inhibition of cadmium, lead, and mercury was assessed on dominant bacterial species present in sequencing batch reactors (sbr). methods: biomass sample was obtained from the biological unit of the sbr est...

objective mustard gas (mg) is a poisoning chemical, mutagenic and carcinogenic alkylating agent. it is used during world war i and also iran-iraq conflict. the p53 tumor suppressor gene is involved in the pathogenesis of malignant disease. the aim of this study is to determine possible mutation in p53 gene of lung sample from mustard gas exposed patients. material and methods twelve lung biopsy...

background: the trematodes of the genus fasciola (the liver flukes) are among the well-known instances of food-borne parasites worldwide. differentiation of fasciola species is important because of their different transmission and epidemio-logical characteristics. the current study was undertaken to discriminate fasciola species in the domestic ruminants of urmia city, iran. methods: adult fluk...

interferon regulatory factor 7 (irf7) gene was cloned from a subtractive cdna library constructed with mrnas obtained from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) macrophage cell line (rts-11). using expressed sequence tag clones of submitted irf7 amino acid sequences, specific primers were designed. results showed that irf7 cdna contains an orf of 1251 nucleotides that translates into a 416 residu...

there are significant challenges associated with qualitative and quantitative nucleic acid tests performed in diagnostic laboratories. the development of internationally available certified reference materials which can be traced to reference measurements will contribute to a better understanding of the performance characteristics of nucleic acid tests and enhance reliability and comparability ...

background there are hoarding documents for the biological importance of cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) in pancreatic carcinogenesis. we aimed to thoroughly investigate the dna sequence variations of whole cox-2 exons in a large case-control study of pancreatic cancer by direct sequencing.   methods the entire exonic regions of cox-2 including 10 exons were sequenced in the germline dna of 96 patient...