objective: neuroimmune factors contribute on the pathogenesis of sickness behaviors. nigella sativa (ns) has anti-inflammatory, anti-anxiety and anti-depressive effects. in the present study, the effect of ns hydro-alcoholic extract on sickness behavior induced by lipopolysaccharide (lps) was investigated. materials and methods: the rats were divided into five groups (n=10 in each): (1) control...

During pathogen exposure or some forms of stress, proinflammatory processes induce an array of motivated and behavioral adjustments termed "sickness behaviors". Although withdrawal from social interactions is a commonly observed sickness behavior, the relation between social behavior and sickness is much more complex. Sickness can suppress or stimulate social behavior. Sickness can serve as a s...

Sickness behavior has become a common expression in the description of general symptoms of diseases and regarded as partly or fully advantageous for the patient to combat infection or other disturbance acting on the body. Several components of sickness behavior such as anorexia, sleepiness and inactivity have significant energetic connotations and hence may affect body mass and/or body temperat...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To review the relationship between proinflammatory cytokine release and resultant sickness behavior; to explore the implications of sickness behavior related to depression and cancer-related symptoms. DATA SOURCES Published articles and book chapters. DATA SYNTHESIS Proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) are released as p...

Sickness behavior is considered part of the specific beneficial adaptive behavioral and neuroimmune changes that occur in individuals in response to infectious/inflammatory processes. However, in dangerous and stressful situations, sickness behavior should be momentarily abrogated to prioritize survival behaviors, such as fight or flight. Taking this assumption into account, we experimentally i...

Sickness behavior can be defined as a combination of coordinated behavioral and physiological changes that develop in response to any condition that elicits pro-inflammatory activity. It is an adaptational homeostasis initiated by the influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines on central nervous system neurohormonal functioning. This paper introduces the concept of non-termination of sickness beha...

Animals have a number of behavioral defenses against infection. For example, they typically avoid sick conspecifics, especially during mating. Most animals also alter their behavior after infection and thereby promote recovery (i.e., sickness behavior). For example, sick animals typically reduce the performance of energetically demanding behaviors, such as sexual behavior. Finally, some animals...