The Impact of Incumbency on Turnout: Evidence from Italian Municipalities We analyze how having an incumbent among candidates affects electoral turnout. We use a rich data set providing information on the electoral results of Italian municipal elections over the period 1993-2011. Endogeneity issues are handled through an instrumental variable approach using the mayor term-limit as an instrument...

The value of mentoring for career development is widely recognized by researchers and practitioners. For women, being mentored is particularly valuable for their career growth. However, the reality is that professional women continue to encounter challenges men do not, both in finding mentors and in building healthy mentoring relationships. In this chapter, the authors examine how e-mentoring c...

We conducted a multiple case study on six IT entrepreneurial firms to examine and compare their differences. Results show that as they evolve from emergence stage to early growth stage, they encounter misalignments between venture strategies and entrepreneurial teams’ social capital configurations, prompting adjustments to achieve dynamic equilibriums. Differentiating between IT product and IT ...

This paper integrates the largely independent literatures on networks and teams. Our objective is twofold: (1) to understand what constitutes an effective organizational network when much of the work of the organization is done by teams; and (2) to examine what the internal and external social capital needs of teams are. We raise questions to guide future research, and point to potential manage...

How can management handle relationship problems arising from cultural differences in multinational IT project teams? This paper uses a social capital lens to better understand the negative impact of cultural differences in IT project teams. In contrast to many previous works we do not consider cultural differences as a whole but explore the role of the different national culture dimensions. Thi...

In the United States, highly religious people tend to live longer, have fewer health and mental problems, steal less, volunteer more time, and give away more money than others. Even when other relevant factors are controlled for statistically, these differences persist. Moreover, in many cases the religiosity of the community influences these factors as much as the religiosity of individuals. T...

The core of the organizational learning theory was that the organizational learning activities were the source of organizational value creation. The research focus of organizational learning theory was to discuss the socialization process of organizational learning from the perspective of social capital and its specific impact on the performance of organizational knowledge transfer. Previous st...