This study contributes to the literature on supply chain coordination by coordinating the research and development (R&D) effort, retail price, and inventory decisions. It investigates a real case in the home appliance industry. The main purpose of this study is to examine the optimal values of R&D effort, pricing, and inventory decisions under decentralized and centralized structures. Then, a d...

This paper studies a supply chain coordinated by a revenue-sharing contract in fuzzy environment. Two kinds of fuzzy programming models are discussed: revenue-sharing contract with fuzzy linear demand model and fuzzy iso-price-elastic demand model. Supply chain coordination in both centralized decision setting and centralized decision setting are achieved by obtaining the optimal solutions in t...

In this paper, we study the impact of carbon tax on carbon emission and retail price in a two-echelon supply chain consisting of a manufacturer and a retailer. Specifically, by adopting two types of contracts, i.e., the modified wholesale price (MW) and the modified cost-sharing contract (MS), supply chain coordination is achieved, which promotes the supply chain efficiency. Our study shows tha...

This paper investigates supply chain coordination with side-payment contracts. We …rst summarize speci…c side-payment contracts and present our review on the literature that developed general sidepayment schemes to coordinate supply chains. Following our review, we discuss two criteria that a proper side-payment contract must satisfy, and accordingly introduce a decision-dependent transfer paym...

We consider a newsvendor problem in a supply chain that consists of a manufacturer and a retailer. The manufacturer is the Stackelberg leader and the retailer is the follower.We examine how themanufacturer can contract awholesale-price-only agreementwith its retailer thatmaximizes its profit.We also propose a returns policy with a wholesale-price-discount scheme (returns-discount contract) that...

In this paper, we consider the revenue sharing contract between supply chain actors in a multi-echelon supply chain, where the demand of the customers and retail price are fuzzy variables. The centralized decision making system and a coordinating contract, namely, the revenue sharing contract with fuzzy demand and asymmetric information are proposed. To derive the optimal solutions, the fuzzy s...

This article considers a decentralized supply chain in which a single manufacturer is selling a perishable product to a single retailer facing uncertain demand. It differs from traditional supply chain contract models in two ways. First, while traditional supply chain models are based on risk neutrality, this article takes the viewpoint of behavioral principal–agency theory and assumes the manu...

T coordination of supply chains by means of contracting mechanisms has been extensively explored theoretically but not tested empirically. We investigate the performance of three commonly studied supply chain contracting mechanisms: the wholesale price contract, the buyback contract, and the revenue-sharing contract. The simplified setting we consider utilizes a two-echelon supply chain in whic...

To control quality in supply chain, this paper presents multi-period, dynamic game models in principal-agent theory, which are opposite to static, single period game models. The research comes from industrial practice and the conclusions are more operational and feasible in theory. Finally, the research is applied into two famous companies in different industries and shows good effectiveness. m...