Thyroid hormone entry into cells is facilitated by transmembrane transporters. Mutations of the specific thyroid hormone transporter, MCT8 (Monocarboxylate Transporter 8, SLC16A2) cause an X-linked syndrome of profound neurological impairment and altered thyroid function known as the Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome. MCT8 deficiency presumably results in failure of thyroid hormone to reach the neu...

The thyroid hormone receptor (TR) directly regulates the transcription of thyroid hormone-responsive genes in response to changing levels of thyroid hormone. Mechanistically TR utilizes a complex set of binding interactions, with hormone, response elements, and coregulatory proteins, to provide specific local control of patterns of transcriptional response that are partially responsible for ind...

INTRODUCTION Resistance to thyroid hormone is a rare syndrome, where although the level of thyroid hormone is elevated, the level of thyroid stimulating hormone is not suppressed. The patient in our case report is, to the best of our knowledge, the first with this syndrome identified in Oman. CASE PRESENTATION In one Omani family, a 15-year-old girl of Arabian origin was pre-diagnosed with re...

Objectives: The aim of the study is to determine correlation between thyroid gland elasticity with thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, age, gender and volume in normal population. Methods: was conducted 105 healthy cases. Thyroid evaluated axial plan using ultrasonography. Results: relationship evaluated. mean 11.95 ± 9.23 mm3. A moderate negative found kPa value observed from elasto...

Abstract Neonatal thyrotoxicosis is mostly caused by the transplacental passage of maternal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies (TRAb) to fetus. Although rare and transient, this condition may be associated with significant morbidity mortality if not diagnosed treated in an appropriate timely manner. Anti-thyroid drugs are main therapy. Here, we report a preterm newborn that p...

Thyroid hormone is known to be essential for normal brain development both before and after birth, but much less is known about the role of thyroid hormone development before birth. In rodents, thyroid hormone of maternal origin can selectively regulate gene expression in the fetal cortex; HES1 was identified as a putative thyroid hormone responsive gene in the fetal cortex. Using in situ hybri...

I. Introduction II. Developmental Schedules A. Species specificity B. Developmental studies in the rat III. Thyroid Hormone Action A. Sources of T 4 and T 3 B. The role of maternal thyroid hormone in fetal brain development: direct or indirect? C. Intracerebral transport IV. Molecular Actions of Thyroid Hormone in the Developing Brain A. Nuclear receptors for thyroid hormone in brain B. Thyroid...

With an increase in age, marked changes in thyroid hormone production, metabolism, and action occur. This results in an increased prevalence of (subclinical) thyroid disease in the elderly. In general, subclinical thyroid disease is associated with an increased risk of overt thyroid dysfunction and with different negative clinical parameters. In the elderly, however, it is unclear whether these...

Hypothyroidism was the first endocrine disorder treated by replacement with the deficient hormone, in the form of extracts of animal thyroid glands. Subsequently, the development of purified thyroid hormone preparations and greater understanding of thyroid physiology have made it possible to mimic the function of the normal thyroid gland with thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Thyroid hormone...