Thyroid hormone has genomic and non-genomic actions in the developing and mature human. The focus of this research was to find if there was a measurable amount of thyroid hormone in the extracellular fluid of the adult rat brain and how it varied over time. To study the levels of thyroid hormone concentration in the adult brain, stereotaxic surgery was performed to implant a microdialysis cannu...

Proper development of the mammalian CNS requires sufficient thyroid hormone; thyroid hormone deficiency during a brief perinatal period produces severe neurological defects in humans and experimental animals. Thyroid hormone exerts its effects through nuclear receptors, which modulate the transcription of downstream genes in response to hormone binding. Surprisingly, few genes that are regulate...

Patients with resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) exhibit elevated thyroid hormone levels and inappropriate thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone, or TSH) production. The molecular basis of this disorder resides in the dominant inhibition of endogenous thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) by a mutant receptor. To determine the relative contributions of pituitary versus hypothalamic resistance to ...

Thyroid tissue located within the upper airway has received only sparse attention in the English literature. Aberrant benign thyroid masses may present as either an unrelated autopsy finding or with symptoms such as dyspnea, hemoptysis or adult -onset asthma. There is no place for medical management in the therapy of these lesions, although the appropriate surgical procedure is not clearly ...

The association between TSH and serum lipids in people with no apparent thyroid dysfunction is less understood. We have investigated the association between normal thyroid function, defined as TSH within the reference range and serum lipids concentrations. Cross-sectional, population based study with 1785 individuals without known thyroid dysfunction. We calculated mean concentrations of total ...

BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that, in addition to the reproductive system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is a target of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs). However, this is not reflected adequately in current screening and assessment procedures for endocrine activity that to date determine only general parameters of thyroid function. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We used several ...

Some thyroid nodules can trigger hyperthyroidism (when the thyroid makes too much thyroid hormone). Thyroid nodules also may occur in people with hypothyroidism (too little thyroid hormone). These thyroid problems can affect the health of a pregnant woman and her baby. It is important to know if you have either problem, so you can receive treatment. Doctors also are concerned about thyroid nodu...

Thyroid hormone is essential for normal brain development. Therefore, it is a genuine concern that thyroid function can be altered by a very large number of chemicals routinely found in the environment and in samples of human and wildlife tissues. These chemicals range from natural to manufactured compounds. They can produce thyroid dysfunction when they are absent from the diet, as in the case...

Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is a rare inherited syndrome characterized by diminished response of the target tissue to thyroid hormone caused, in the majority of cases, by mutation of the thyroid hormone receptor beta (THRβ) gene. Despite elevated serum levels of free thyroid hormones and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), the paucity of symptoms and signs of thyroid dysfunction suggest ...

End organ resistance to thyroid hormone has been described for a number of years: the defect may be partial or generalized. A case of partial end organ resistance to thyroid hormone in congenital hypothyroidism is described, with evidence of an alteration in TSH threshold to feedback inhibition by thyroid hormone. The implications of this factor in the management of hypothyroidism are discussed.