Changes in credit risk may arise when either the value or the risk of corporate assets changes. Changes in the equity value associated with the changes in the asset value and changes in asset risk can be characterized into potentially countervailing direct and indirect effects. The indirect effect of risk on equity value is a function of factors that affect the debt value of including leverage,...

The federal government supports some private activities—such as home ownership, postsecondary education, and certain commercial ventures—through credit assistance offered to individuals and businesses. Some of that assistance is in the form of direct federal loans, and some is through federal guarantees of loans made by private financial institutions. At the end of fiscal year 2011, about $2.7 ...

In accounting models of value, dividends typically appear to have a strong positive relationship with value despite theoretical reasons to expect dividend displacement. We show that this result is driven by the relationship between dividends and both core earnings and other information derived from the valuation error in the prior year. Where core earnings can be effectively modelled in a speci...

In this dissertation we present an overview of the proposals of the International Accounting Standards Board for measurement of insurance assets and liabilities at market value. The Board has not yet finalised a standard for insurance contracts, but a Draft Statement of Principles has been published, providing indication of how fair value accounting will be implemented. We focus on life insuran...

In this paper, we analyze the social value of accounting objectivity in maintaining …nancial stability. Building on an early, in‡uential accounting study by Ijiri and Jaedicke (1966), we operationalize two informational properties, accuracy (free of collective bias) and objectivity (degree of consensus), in a correlated information structure and embed them into a model of runs on …nancial insti...

ii ABSTRACT Isolating the effect of a given teacher on student achievement (value-added modeling) is complicated when the student is taught the same subject by more than one teacher. We consider three methods, which we call the Partial Credit Method, Teacher Team Method, and Full Roster Method, for estimating teacher effects in the presence of co-teaching. The Partial Credit Method apportions r...

Did fair value accounting play a role in the current financial crisis? This appendix explores the issue. Fair value accounting implies that assets and liabilities get measured and reflected on a firm`s financial statements at their market value, or close substitutes. Extensive academic research done over the past 20 years shows that financial statements that reflect the market values of assets ...

We investigate the effect that the choice of measurement scale has upon inference and extrapolation in extreme value analysis. Separate analyses of variables from a single process on scales which are linked by a non-linear transformation may lead to discrepant conclusions concerning the tail behavior of the process. We propose the use of a Box-Cox power transformation incorporated as part of th...

This study determined the value relevance of assets and liabilities after the adoption of IFRS among listed Nigerian firms. Ohlson Model (1995) model of stock price regressions tested the relationship between assets and liabilities with the stock price, which has been widely adopted by accounting researchers. A sample of 126 firms listed in Nigeria stock market is used for the study. Data is co...