JEFFREY M. JANOT, JEFF P. STEFFEN, JOHN P. PORCARI, AND MARGARET A. MAHER. Heart rate responses and perceived exertion for beginner and recreational sport climbers during indoor climbing. JEPONLINE 3(1):17, 2000. The purpose of this investigation was to compare heart rate (HR) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) of beginner and recreational sport climbers during indoor climbing. Seventeen b...

Texts are routinely simplified to make them more comprehensible for second language learners. However, the effects of simplification upon the linguistic features of texts remain largely unexplored. Here we examine the effects of one type of text simplification: intuitive text simplification. We use the computational tool, Coh-Metrix, to examine linguistic differences between proficiency levels ...

Gestures produced by language learners have a positive impact on interactions; however, few studies examined natural conversation data focusing learner’s spoken proficiency level. This study investigates gesture use among of English as second with varying levels (beginner, intermediate, and advanced) to determine whether type (e.g., iconic, deictic, metaphoric, beat gestures) differ 17 video-reco...