listening comprehension means the process of understanding speech in a second or foreign language. it is the perception of information and stimuli received through the ears. iranian efl learners have serious difficulties in english listening comprehension because iranian universities pay more attention to grammar and reading. the researchers used a set of authentic materials to improve iranian ...

We report a systematic meta-analytic review of studies comparing reading comprehension and its underlying components (language comprehension, decoding, and phonological awareness) in first- and second-language learners. The review included 82 studies, and 576 effect sizes were calculated for reading comprehension and underlying components. Key findings were that, compared to first-language lear...

The goal of reading is understanding. In order to understand print, a child must be able to decode the words on the page and to extract meaning. A large body of research focuses on how children learn to decode text and how best to foster children’s decoding skills. In contrast, we know much less about the process of reading comprehension in children. In this booklet we first consider what is re...

One approach used to gain insight into the processes underlying bilingual language comprehension and production examines the costs that arise from switching languages. For unbalanced bilinguals, asymmetric switch costs are reported in speech production, where the switch cost for L1 is larger than the switch cost for L2, whereas, symmetric switch costs are reported in language comprehension task...

Robert has most recently served as senior vice president of corporate development and as vice president of merger integration, overseeing the integration efforts following Sallie Mae’s acquisition of USA Group’s guarantee servicing, student loan servicing and secondary market operations in July 2001. Prior to this assignment, Robert has served as a Vice president of application development in S...

the current study is an attempt to investigate the particular role learners' vocabulary knowledge plays in their reading comprehension performance. it intends to determine whether breadth and depth of vocabulary knowledge are related to efl learners' reading comprehension, and to investigate which one of these variables, that is, depth or breadth of vocabulary knowledge, makes a more important ...

.............................................................................................................. 3 SAMMANFATTNING PÅ SVENSKA ................................................................... 4 LIST OF PAPERS..................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCTION ............................................................

Many studies in language learning have indicated that listening comprehension plays an important role in the learning process. In spite of its importance, listening has been ignored in second language learning, research, and teaching. The purpose of the present article is to define the terms listening and listening comprehension, review the components of listening, explain teachers’ role ...

Reading skill is a fundamental requirement to lifelong learner success, yet the way teachers assess their student’s reading comprehension ability is challenging. One of the new trends in reading skill instruction is portfolio assessment. This study investigated the effects of portfolio assessment on EFL learner’s reading comprehension ability. The participants, 50 advanced (female) EFL learners...