Individuals of many species across the animal kingdom are found to be less plastic than expected, even in behavioral traits. The existence of consistent behavioral differences between individuals, termed “personality differences”, is puzzling, since plastic behavior is considered ideal to enable animals to adaptively respond to changes in environmental conditions. In order to elucidate which me...

While few scholars debate the importance of doing things to improve the quality of the buyer–seller relationship, little is known about what salespeople can do after the point of the initial sale to enhance customer satisfaction and trust. On the basis of extensive exploratory interviews across professional selling domains, this research develops a set of behaviors, referred to here as “salespe...

This chapter aims to reexamine the relationship between Turkish prospective teachers’ thinking styles and creativity fostering behaviors. In the study, 182 Turkish prospective teachers were participated. The Thinking Styles Inventory (TSI) and Creativity Fostering Teacher Index Scale (CFTIS) were administered to participants. An exploratory factor analysis, zero order and partial correlation, l...

Analyses of interactions between an adult and a one-year-old child are often connected with studying early communicative competences, e.g. the child’s participation in turn-taking sequences, in joint attention, and use of pointing gestures. Infants’ communicative behaviors were studied using a structured observational measure – the Early Social Communication Scales (Mundy et al., 2003) in a stu...

Given the importance of cultivating users’ positive behaviors in cyberspace, this study presents a comprehensive vision of how to address important virtues that might foster Taiwanese adolescents’ positive behaviors in cyberspace. In this study, we constructed an instrument—the Cyber Virtues Scale (CVS)—for measuring the underlying dimensions of Taiwanese adolescents’ virtuous behaviors in onli...

Prior research has distinguished between emotional versus sexual infidelity. Two studies examined the development of the Perceptions of Dating Infidelity Scale (PDIS) to assess attitudes toward specific behaviors that constitute these types of infidelity in romantic relationships. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated three factors to the scale: Ambiguous, Deceptive, and Explic...