in more recent years, it has become increasingly recognized that r&d; (research and development) is a key driver of economic growth, a source of innovation and change, and as such stimulates improvements in productivity and economic competitiveness. it is closely associated with knowledge and flexibility, two factors that have gained new significance as a source of competitiveness in an increas...

The first 111 days of preliminary data from GRACE were used to produce a map of the Earth’s gravity anomalies. A gravity anomaly map shows us how much the actual Earth’s gravity field departs from “normal” as defined by a simplified mathematical gravity model that assumes the Earth is perfectly smooth and featureless. In this grayscale representation, brighter areas represent positive gravity a...

We review recent progress in massive gravity. We start by showing how different theories of massive gravity emerge from a higher-dimensional theory of general relativity, leading to the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati model (DGP), cascading gravity, and ghost-free massive gravity. We then explore their theoretical and phenomenological consistency, proving the absence of Boulware-Deser ghosts and review...

The aerosol bolus technique can be used to estimate the degree of convective mixing in the lung; however, contributions of different lung compartments to measured dispersion cannot be differentiated unambiguously. To estimate dispersion in the distal lung, we studied the effect of gravity and airway asymmetry on the dispersion of 1 μm-diameter particle boluses in three-dimensional computational...

Using annual data for the period 1992-2012, this paper examines trade flows between China and its main trade partners in Asia, North America and Europe, and whether increasing trade has led to industrial structural adjustment and changes in China’s trade patterns. The analysis is based on both economic indicators and the estimation of a gravity model, and applies recently developed panel data m...

We consider quantum gravity model with the squared curvature action. We construct lattice discretization of the model (both on hy-percubic and simplicial lattices) starting from its teleparallel equivalent. The resulting lattice models have the actions that are bounded from below while Einstein equations (without matter) appear in their classical limit.

In this note we study the correspondence between the " relativistic spin foam " model introduced by Barrett, Crane and Baez and the so(4) Plebanski action. We argue that the so(4) Plebanski model is the continuum analog of the relativistic spin foam model. We prove that the Plebanski action possess four phases, one of which is gravity and outline the discrepancy between this model and the model...

inverse modeling is one of the most elegant geophysical tools for obtaining 2-d and 3-d images of geological structure. determination of the geometry of bedrock, by nonlinear inverse modeling of gravity data, is the aim of this paper. the algorithm uses a nonlinear iterative procedure for simulation of bedrock geometry. at the first step, the nonlinear problem changes to a linear problem by a p...