Vitamin D deficiency is common among the elderly with and without heart failure (HF). This study was designed to identify the degree of vitamin D deficiency among HF and Non- HF elderly with cardiovascular disease. In this study, fifty hospitalized elderly patients with HF (26 women and 24 men, age range 60-90 years) and fifty elderly without HF were randomly selected. The level of serum 25-hyd...

Background: As for high prevalence and incidence of heart failure, it can impose huge health, economic, and social burden on society. Education and self-care are important aspects of management in patients with heart failure, which can control the disease complications. This study aimed to investigate the effect of family-centered education approach on self-care behaviors of the patients wi...

The landmark 2001 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health: Does Sex Matter?1 confirmed that significant differences between the sexes affect the prevalence, incidence, and severity of a broad range of diseases and conditions. The report highlighted that sex differences must be considered when designing and analyzing research studies in all areas...

Background: Vein of Galen aneurysm (VGA) is the most common form of symptomatic cerebrovascular malformation in neonates. It develops in a fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy due to unknown reasons, but it is likely to have a genetic etiology. The prognosis of VGA is usually poor, particularly in newborns with heart failure due to high-flow intracerebral shunt. Surgery and endovascular em...